Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 2015, 3, 188-202 Published Online December 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jhrss http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2015.34025 How to cite this paper: Asfaw, A.M., Argaw, M.D. and Bayissa, L. (2015) The Impact of Training and Development on Em- ployee Performance and Effectiveness: A Case Study of District Five Administration Office, Bole Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 3, 188-202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2015.34025 The Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance and Effectiveness: A Case Study of District Five Administration Office, Bole Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Abeba Mitiku Asfaw 1 , Mesele Damte Argaw 2* , Lemessa Bayissa 3 1 Addis Ababa City Government, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Private Health Sector Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 3 Civil Service University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Received 2 November 2015; accepted 4 December 2015; published 7 December 2015 Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract The focus of this study was to determine the impact of training and development on the employees’ performance and effectiveness at District Five Administration Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study we employed cross sectional institutional based quantitative research method. Data were collected using Likert’s scale tool from 100 employees after selecting participants using systemat- ic random sampling technique. Ninety-four complete questionnaires with a response rate of 94% were considered during analysis. Training and development had positively correlated and claimed statistically significant relationship with employee performance and effectiveness. It is recom- mended that District Five Administration Office shall maintain providing employee training and development activities and ensure the participation of employees in planning, need or skill deficit identification and evaluation of training and development programs. Keywords Training, Development, Performance, Effectiveness, Ethiopia 1. Introduction 1.1. Background Human resources (Armstrong, 2009) have played a significant role in the economic development in most devel- * Corresponding author.