CHEMIJA. 2012. Vol. 23. No. 3. P. 187–193
© Lietuvos mokslų akademija, 2012
Photocatalytic and adsorptive properties of titanium
dioxide prepared by thermal decomposition of
metatitanic acid
Silvija Mockūnaitė,
Simona Ostachavičiūtė,
Eugenijus Valatka*
Department of Physical Chemistry,
Kaunas University of Technology,
Radvilėnų 19, LT-50254 Kaunas,
Lithuania
* Corresponding author. E-mail: eugenijus.valatka@ktu.lt
Several types of titania-based photocatalysts were prepared by the thermal decomposition
of metatitanic acid. Te obtained photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray difraction,
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis. Te photoreduction of po-
tassium dichromate was used as a model reaction in order to evaluate the photocatalytic
activity of the prepared catalysts. Te infuence of methanol on the rate of photoreduction
was also investigated. It was determined that the most active catalyst is obtained during
annealing of metatitanic acid at 400 °C and contains 69.3% of rutile and 30.7% of anatase.
Cr(VI) adsorption is best described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Titania catalyst
modifed with copper, cobalt, zinc or tungsten additives has larger adsorption capacity for
Cr(VI), but smaller photoreduction rate as compared to pure TiO
2
.
Key words: photocatalysis, adsorption, titanium dioxide, thermal decomposition, metati-
tanic acid
INTRODUCTION
TiO
2
-based heterogeneous photocatalysis continues to be a
very actively developing feld of fundamental and applied re-
search [1–4]. It has been established that the nanostructured
TiO
2
can be used as an efcient photocatalyst for the oxidation
of various organic compounds, the removal of some metal ions,
the photosplitting of water, the manufacture of dye-sensitized
solar cells. Te main disadvantage of TiO
2
is its ability to act
as a photocatalyst only under UV irradiation. For this reason,
there is a need for new TiO
2
-based materials which could be
sensitive to visible light. One of the possible ways to extend the
spectral response of TiO
2
is its modifcation with narrow band-
gap semiconductors, such as Cu
2
O, Fe
2
O
3
, CdSe.
Under UV irradiation, the photoelectrons and holes are
generated in TiO
2
particles. Tese charge carriers are cha-
racterized by very strong redox properties and are able to
oxidize and reduce many organic and inorganic substances
on the surface of photocatalyst. Recently, an increased atten-
tion has been paid to the simultaneous oxidation of organic
pollutants and the reduction of toxic metal ions, such as
Cr(VI) [5–7]. For example, it has been shown in numerous
papers that highly toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic Cr(VI)
ions can be photocatalytically reduced to less harmful Cr(III)
ions [8–28]. Te contamination of wastewater by Cr(VI) ions
usually originates from industrial processes such as paint
production, leather tanning or electroplating. Te preferred
treatment is the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) upon the ad-
dition of sodium thiosulfate, ferrous sulfate, sulfur dioxide
gas or sodium bisulfate / metabisulfte. Aferwards, Cr(III)
ions can be precipitated as Cr(OH)
3
. However, these methods
require extensive use of chemicals and heterogeneous photo-
catalytic reduction may be used as an alternative.
Te aim of the current work was to obtain new TiO
2
-
based photocatalysts and to study their adsorbtion capacity
and photocatalytic activity. Te photoactivity of the prepared