86 Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling • April 2008 • Volume 28
© 2008 by the American Counseling Association. All rights reserved.
Motivational Counseling:
Implications for Counseling
Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Samir H. Patel, Glenn W. Lambie, and Michelle Muenzenmeyer Glover
Juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) often appear unmotivated to change, which thus
necessitates a therapeutic approach that matches “resistant” client characteristics.
In this article, the authors review common traits of JSOs, introduce motivational
counseling as an effective treatment modality, and offer a case illustration.
Recently, increased attention has focused on crimes involving sexual of-
fenses and on the treatment of perpetrators (Duller, 2006). Whereas the
research on treatment modalities for sex offenders has focused primarily
on adult offenders (Miner, 2002), 50% of adult offenders indicate that their
paraphilias and sex crimes began when they were adolescents (Andrade,
Vincent, & Saleh, 2006). Additionally, Miner noted that adolescents per-
petrate at least 15% of all reported sexual offenses in the United States.
Given these statistics, it is surprising to learn that many of the current
treatment modalities used with this client population fail to acknowledge
the interaction between adolescent developmental patterns and sexual of-
fending behaviors (Calley, 2007). Clearly, an approach that recognizes this
relationship is warranted. Following a brief review of the literature that
provides a framework for the proposed treatment approach (motivational
counseling), we explore this theory and present a detailed case example
that demonstrates the successful implementation of this approach.
For the purpose of this article, the term sex offender is defned as one who
committed any sexual act with a person of any age without that individual’s
consent (Gerardin & Thibaut, 2004), and the term juvenile is used to defne
an individual who is under 18 years of age. Therefore, a JSO is defned as
a person who committed a sexual offense and who by law is considered to
be old enough to be held criminally responsible for his or her actions but
not old enough to be subjected to the fullest extent of adult law (Barbaree
& Marshall, 2006). Additionally, because the majority of sex offenders are
male (Rich, 2003), this article focuses exclusively on male offenders.
According to Lemmond and Verhaagen (2002), therapeutic counseling
approaches with JSOs have varied throughout the years. Regardless of
the approach, the prevention of recidivism is the overall goal (Gerardin
& Thibaut, 2004). Three approaches are identifed as the most frequently
used models for treating JSOs: (a) psychosocial (Bourke & Donohue, 1996;
Samir H. Patel, Glenn W. Lambie, and Michelle Muenzenmeyer Glover, Department of Child, Family
and Community Sciences, University of Central Florida. Correspondence concerning this article should
be addressed to Samir H. Patel, College of Education, Department of Child, Family and Community
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-1250 (e-mail: samir.p.h@gmail.com).