International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November 2019 839 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: A4346119119/2019©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4346.119119 Abstract-- This paper emphasizes the design of Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna to miniaturize the antenna array of UHF Spaced antenna Wind profiler radar that operates at 445 MHz. The proposed antenna is designed using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) where aluminium is used as a patch and ground with air as dielectric substrate due to it’s zero loss tangent .patch is separated from ground with help of hinges and fed with 50 ohm coaxial probe. The Sierpinski fractal antenna is designed till third iteration so as to reduce its size and weight by 33 percent. Keywords: Sierpinski carpet, fractal antenna, wind profiler Radar, HFSS, UHF. I. INTRODUCTION In the last decade there has been an immense requirement for the design of antennas in crucial sectors like military, remote sensing, biomedical and telecommunication. In general, the designation of antenna consists of certain characteristics which comprises of compact size, low profile, conformal and multiband. There are vivid approaches that has come all through on the antenna design characteristics. Lately, the described characteristics of an antenna can be achieved by using properties of fractal[1][2]. Atmospheric Radars are useful for identifying meteorological changes and weather forecasting. UHF Spaced Antenna Wind Profiler Radar is a one of the type of Atmospheric Radars, which is remote sensing instrument for finding wind velocity components (U, V, W) at different height levels from 0.3 Km to 4 Km with height resolution of 75 m. Wind profilers working depends on occurring irregularities in refractive index of atmosphere due to variations in Temperature, pressure and humidity of atmosphere [3]. Parameters of Wind profiler Radar are given in Table I. Revised Manuscript Received on November 06, 2019. Elluru Jayapal, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, S. V. University College of Engineering, Tirupati,A.P ,India Email: jaijrfscholar@gmail.com S. Varadarajan, Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, S. V. University College of Engineering, Tirupati, A.P, India. Table I : Wind profiler Radar Specifications Operating frequency 445MHz Technique Spaced Antenna with 3 receive channels Antenna Sub-Array 18 element Hexagonal Shaped Rectangular Patch Array Transmit Antenna Array 3 Sub-Arrays (combined) Receive Sub-Arrays 3 Sub-Arrays (independent Channels) Transmit Peak Power 4 KW Pulse width 0.5 to 8 micro seconds Duty Ratio 10% Reception 3 Channel Receiver Radar Control PC-Based with GUI Height Coverage 0.3 to 4 Km Height resolution 75m Transmit Array Gain 24.8 dBi Receiver Array Gain 19 dBi Data outputs SNR, U,V,W Fig. 1: Three Sub-array for Wind profiler Radar The Spaced Antenna (SA) technique gives better time resolution over Doppler beam steering(DBS) method due to the beam is pointed in zenith direction only where as DBS method requires at least three beams which are pointed in different directions. Vertical velocity of wind is calculated with help of Doppler Shift, while horizontal velocity of wind is found by using Spaced Antenna Technique [4]. More recently, UHF Spaced Antenna wind profiler Radar has been developed at Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, with the help of Spaced Antenna technique to measure velocities of atmospheric wind. The Antenna used in Wind profiler Radar is a three Sub-arrays with each array consists of eighteen elements linearly polarized Rectangular microstrip patch antenna in hexagonal shaped array, as shown in Fig.1. Design and Analysis of Sierpinski Carpet Fractal Antenna for UHF Spaced Antenna Wind Profiler Radar Elluru Jayapal, S. Varadarajan