World Applied Sciences Journal 30 (Innovation Challenges in Multidiciplinary Research & Practice): 295-301, 2014
ISSN 1818-4952
© IDOSI Publications, 2014
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.icmrp.38
Corresponding Author: Sheila Nu Nu Htay, Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance, International Islamic University Malaysia
295
Is There Any Relationship among the Risks of Banks in Malaysia?
Sheila Nu Nu Htay and Syed Ahmed Salman
Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance, International Islamic University Malaysia
Submitted: Jan 5, 2014; Accepted: Feb 24, 2014; Published: Mar 12, 2014
Abstract: Banking sector is the backbone of any country’s economy and involves in the risky business activity.
It is also highly regulated industry mainly due its high risky activities. Among the risks faced by the banks,
operating risk, liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk are the major risk. The objective of this study is to
examine the correlation among these risks in the context of locally owned banks in Malaysia. The data has been
collected from five listed banks for 10 years (2002-2011). Malaysian banking sector is chosen due to its unique
nature of banking environment which promotes Malaysia to be the hub of Islamic banking and finance and
which accommodate the dual banking system. Pearson correlation method is used to find out the relationship
among the risk. The findings show that the risk relation varies across the banks and it is difficult to generalize
the risk relationship nature in Malaysian banks. We suggest the banks need to manage the risks based on their
risk portfolio and risk appetite. These findings contribute to enhance the knowledge on risk behaviors and will
be the interest of regulators, investors and industrial players for future making rules, investment decision and
plan the risk management.
Key words: Operational risk Liquidity risk Credit risk Market risk Malaysia and banks
INTRODUCTION services which are comparable and compatible with
Banking industry has been recognized as one of the principles. In order to be compliant with Islamic laws, the
industries exposed to very risky business. Many Islamic banks are structuring the products based on the
international organizations like BASEL Committee on contracts such as profit and loss sharing contracts, for
Bank Supervision and IFSB (Islamic Financial Services instance, Mudarabah and Musharakah and debt based
Board) and many developed countries and developing contracts, for instance, Salam, Istisna while the
countries have implemented risk management guidelines conventional banking is based on the lending and
to mold the banking industry. Among the risks faced by borrowing concept which involves interest.
the banks, liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk and To the extent of our knowledge, there is no research
market risk are the major risks [1, 2].The literature has has been conducted to examine the correlation of the risks
highlighted that the risks should be managed together, faced by the banking groups which offer both Islamic and
otherwise, the eliminating of one risk might create another conventional banking products and services. We are
new risk. In addition, if the risk management is in interested and motivated what will be the correlation
collective nature, one chosen technique will mitigate all among the risks in the case of banking group which offers
the related risks at the same time [3]. both conventional and Islamic banking products and
Malaysia as one of the leading countries in Islamic services. Thus, the objective of this research is to examine
banking has no exception in risk exposure. The unique the correlation among the liquidity risk, credit risk,
nature of Malaysian banking industry is that the Islamic operational risk and market risk in the context of Malaysia.
banking products and services are provided. This Islamic This paper is organized in 5 sections. The second section
banking emerged as an alternative to the conventional presents the relevant literature. The third section
banking because the later one involves the interest which mentions the research methodology. The fourth section
is prohibited from the Islamic perspective. Therefore, the explains the findings and the last section concludes the
Islamic bankers come out with their banking products and paper.
conventional banking products while adhering the Islamic