3172 International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 2020, 9, 3172-3183 E-ISSN: 1929-4409/20 © 2020 Lifescience Global Economic and Legal Mechanisms of Interstate Support for Agricultural Producers Airat B. Bazenov 1 , Aizat M. Begzhan 2,* , Zhassulan S. Zhunissov 2 , Abzal K. Tazhikov 3 and Bagdat Amandossuly 2 1 Department of Theory of State and Law, Kazakh Humanitarian Law Innovative University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan 2 Department of International Law, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan 3 Department of Civil Law, South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan Abstract: The transitional stage in the agrarian economy requires an optimal combination of state protection and market levers. At present, the state regulatory influence on the development of agriculture remains, on the one hand, quite significant, and on the other, insufficiently effective. There is no systemic integrity in the practice of state regulation of the agricultural sector. The relevance of the study is that in transition economies, agrarian protectionism was initially caused by somewhat different circumstances, and the protectionist policy was formed in fundamentally different conditions. The authors demonstrate that protectionism in industrial-type transition economies inherited a huge mechanism of state support for the agro-industrial complex in the depths of a centrally planned economy. Everywhere this support constituted a heavy burden of national finances, and one of the primary tasks of reforms in transition economies, including agrarian reforms, was precisely the release from this burden. It causes sharp liberalization of agrarian policy in almost all countries. The method of analysis was used to investigate the main directions, methods, and mechanisms of state regulation of the economy in different countries; the priority areas of state regulation of prices in the agro-industrial complex industry were highlighted. The practical significance of the study is that macroeconomic reforms in countries with an industrial type of development led to a rapid deterioration in the financial situation of the agricultural sector. Keywords: Government support, agriculture, development, reform, economics. INTRODUCTION State regulation of economy is exercised in various forms. Depending on the timing, there is long-term and short-term regulation. Economic liberalization leads to a crisis in the agro-industrial complex, in particular, to a decrease in the income of the population, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the capacity of markets for agricultural products; a rapid increase in price disparity and a decrease in the share of the agro-industrial complex in the final price of food products, and a deterioration in the financial condition of this industry; the rupture of cooperative relations within the United Nations and the growth of market problems for national production; delimitation of the country from the distribution of agricultural products, as well as the lack of normal market infrastructure; the deterioration of the financial condition of the agricultural sector, together with the lack of an adequate lending mechanism for agricultural needs against the backdrop of inflationary processes, led to the decapitalization of the sector and a decrease in the level of productivity. Consequently, the agri-food sector occupies a significant part of the economy in almost all countries *Address correspondence to this author at the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan; Tel: +7 (7222)-21-10-00; E-mail: aizat.m.b@national-univesity.info and is represented by a significant share of the population (Denisov 2018). Therefore, the objective deterioration of the situation in the agricultural sector under the pressure of agrarian oppositions could not but lead to increased protectionism after some period of reforms (Sharapova and Sharapova 2018). The problem lies in the fact that in several countries the strengthening or, more precisely, the restoration of protectionism occurred at a time when the main tasks of the reforms had already been solved: macroeconomic stabilization was achieved, the initial market infrastructure was created, and sector restructuring was completed (Bylund and Johnsson 1987). Under these conditions, protectionist measures no longer hinder further reform implementation (Garcia et al. 1996). In other countries, the slow implementation of reforms was associated with the introduction of protectionist measures, which, in turn, started slowing down the progress of reforms (Radchenko et al. 2020). The second feature of the strengthening of protectionism in post-socialist countries is associated with the fact that almost all measures to support the agri-food sector are drawn from the arsenal of developed countries – the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) (Volkov and Orlovab 2017). At the same time, the specifics of the transition economy dictate their patterns of protectionism: many general