htp://www.ve.org.za Open Access
Verbum et Ecclesia
ISSN: (Online) 2074-7705, (Print) 1609-9982
Page 1 of 7 Original Research
Read online:
Scan this QR
code with your
smart phone or
mobile device
to read online.
Author:
Kelebogile T. Resane
1
Afliaton:
1
Department of Historical and
Constructve Theology,
Faculty of Theology and
Religion, University of the
Free State, Bloemfontein,
South Africa
Corresponding author:
Kelebogile Resane,
resanekt@ufs.ac.za
Dates:
Received: 03 May 2019
Accepted: 01 Aug. 2019
Published: 25 Nov. 2019
How to cite this artcle:
Resane, K.T., 2019, ‘Response
of public theology to the
voices of the voiceless in
pluralistc South Africa’,
Verbum et Ecclesia 40(1),
a2006. htps://doi.org/
10.4102/ve.v40i1.2006
Copyright:
© 2019. The Authors.
Licensee: AOSIS. This work
is licensed under the
Creatve Commons
Atributon License.
Introducton
Public theology is always public, speaking in public places and addressing the public issues for
the sake or benefit of the public interest. After 1994, South Africa, as a new democratic state, had
to reposition herself for the new dispensation that is underlined by inclusivism, secularism,
multiculturalism and unitarism. Discrimination based on race, colour, sexuality and ethnicism
had to be repealed or annulled in all constitutional dictates. It was accepted that societal diversity
is a motif in the multicultural composition of the citizenry. A theory that advocates a unified and
centralised system of government had to be explored. These steps were inevitable as diversity in
all its forms was a reality on the socio-religious landscape. Social illnesses bred by prejudices were
abundant and became a concern for those in the public service hierarchy. The country was and
still is engulfed with racism, bigotry, sexism and economic imbalances. The pluralistic ideology
takes a lead in formulating public policies and the statutory laws. The majority of the ruling party
(African National Congress) ensured that some bills are passed to become the acts that make up
the constitutional legitimacy. Two examples to be cited to this effect include Termination of
Pregnancy Act (1996), which governs abortion, and Civil Union Act (2006), which legalised same-
sex marriages. These and some legislations are regarded by the religious part of the populace as
theologically erroneous and biblically blasphemous. The politics of power (realpolitik) are elevated,
while the voices of the masses (vox populi) are relegated. It is this situation that has created the
need for the emergence of vociferous public theology. Theological discourse is what public
theology does to create and usher in an ideal ambience where citizens feel safe. That is the rationale
behind Kusmierz and Cochrane’s (2013) assertion that:
Theological discourse is governed by new motifs: reconstruction, democratisation and social
transformation shape the agenda, while ‘the public’ and civil society have been newly identified as
relevant to the church. (p. 85)
The reality faced by theology in South Africa is that national affairs had taken a different turn.
Christian theology is no more protected by the state. Christian theology is suffering the
This article identifies public theology as reflective endeavours and tasks of the Christian
community seeking to address the societal ills and concerns. The aim of public theology is to
bring hope to the culture that is increasingly cynical about common human future. The
historical sketch of South Africa since 1994 as a secular state helps to understand the impact of
pluralistic ideology in formulating the laws of the land. In many cases, these laws are at
loggerhead with the needs of the masses who become unheard and unseen. The current status
quo in hierarchies of societies had become a concern to be addressed from theological
perspectives. Realpolitik had become elevated and vox populi become relegated. It is herein
argued that the Christian faith in South Africa is silenced by the powers of secularism and
majoritarianism within the civil structures. The role of public theology is explored and
expanded to include uniqueness, prophetic role, critical role and public initiatives that lift up
the dignity of humanity in the face of pluralistic influences. The call is made for theology to
enter the journey of transition from stoical passiveness towards communal, formative, critical
and public activism as demonstration of the love of Christ incarnate. Parochialism and
defeatism are not the ideal options for the public theology. As an epistemological discipline, an
appeal is made for theology to become significantly and visibly public in civil matters despite
the pluralistic penchants and predilections.
Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article challenges public
theology to take a lead in addressing human misery in pluralistic society of South Africa.
Keywords: politics; public; theology; prophetic; power; voice; discourse; pluralism; secularism.
Response of public theology to the voices of the
voiceless in pluralistc South Africa
Read online:
Scan this QR
code with your
smart phone or
mobile device
to read online.