ANALYSIS OF THE SURFACE POROSITY OF A SINTERED COPPER-NICKEL ALLOY OF
DISSOCIATED METALLIC POWDERS
1
Ricardo Cadaval Gonçalves,
1
Diego Rodrigues da Silva,
1
Luciano VolcanogloBiehl,
1
Jorge Luis
Braz Medeiros, *
2
José de Souza,
3
Elton Gimenez Rossini,
4
Alexandre Beluco and
4
Alfonso Risso
1
Universidade Federal de Rio Grande (FURG) - PPMec - Av. Itália, Km 8 - Campus Carreiros - Rio Grande/RS - 96201900 –
Brazil;
2
Fundação Liberato (FETLSVC) - DPPI - Rua Inconfidentes, 395, Bairro Primavera, Novo Hamburgo/RS - 93340140
– Brazil;
3
Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS) - Engenharia - Rua 7 de Setembro, 1156 - Centro Histórico,
Porto Alegre - RS 90010191 – Brazil;
4
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - IPH - Av. Bento Gonçalves,
9500 - Porto Alegre/RS - 91509900 – Brazil
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Powder Metallurgy P.M. is a technique that uses the principle of forming metal alloys from the
mixture of metal powders to form materials with particular characteristics such as controlled
hardness, mechanical strength, and porosity. It is possible to develop this control by varying the
parameters, such as temperature and pressure of compaction, reaching the desired levels. This
paper evaluated the behavior of surface porosity in the variation of the copper-nickel
concentration of dissociated powders, maintaining sintering temperature and compaction pressure
constant. To determine the porosity of the copper-nickel alloy, the Scanning Electron Microscope
(SEM), ImageJ, and statistical calculations used to generate graphs to represent the results. The
results indicated that there was no linear behavior of the surface porosity.
Copyright © 2020, Ricardo Cadaval Gonçalves et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
INTRODUCTION
New properties in the metal alloys have been researched and
are being achieved with the same materials, but with new
compositions, additions of alloying elements, techniques
involving mainly the management of energy and time. To
optimize profitability and compliance with environmental
standards, Powder Metallurgy is at the forefront of most
conventional techniques, such as smelting, when considering
such criteria [1-2]. There is a trend to explore sintered
materials for the manufacture of self-lubricating bearings and
products with complex geometry and good quality finishing.
Elimination of the need for finishing processes such as
machining or polishing. Self-lubricating bearings are a new
trend as oil passes through the pores of the bearing material [3-
4]. By determining the porosity rate of the material, it is
possible to determine the oil flow that will reach the axis.
This paper aimed to realize the sintering of copper-nickel alloy
to analyze the influence of the independent variable, chemical
composition, of the alloy on the mechanical-metallurgical
properties and analyze the crystalline structure microscopically
to determine the degree (percentage) of porosity of the piece,
using software, influenced by the effect of the independent
variable. Powder Metallurgy (PM) consists of the technique of
transforming metal powders into parts with excellent strength,
without melting, but only using pressure and heat [5-6]. The
P.M. technique differs from the other manufacturing processes
by the absence of the liquid phase or the occurrence of this
stage in only one of the materials involved. Parts with complex
geometries fabricated with the least waste of material since the
part will not require subsequent finishing processes [7-8]. P.M.
is composed of two phases, one of compaction or molding and
the other of heating or sintering [9-10]. Nickel is one of the
most versatile materials in metallurgy and is an essential
alloying element present in many materials such as cast irons,
ISSN: 2230-9926
International Journal of Development Research
Vol. 10, Issue, 06, pp. 36766-36770, June, 2020
https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr19032.06.2020
Article History:
Received xxxxxx, 2019
Received in revised form
xxxxxxxx, 2019
Accepted xxxxxxxxx, 2019
Published online xxxxx, 2019
Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com
Citation: Ricardo Cadaval Gonçalves, Diego Rodrigues da Silva, Luciano Volcanoglo Biehl et al. 2020. “Analysis of the surface porosity of a sintered
copper-nickel alloy of dissociated metallic powders”, International Journal of Development Research, 10, (06), 36766-36770.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
Article History:
Received 17
th
March, 2020
Received in revised form
26
th
April, 2020
Accepted 22
nd
May, 2020
Published online 29
th
June, 2020
Key Words:
Surface porosity; Copper-nickel alloy;
Powder Metallurgy; Sintering.
*Corresponding author: José de Souza,