Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., Vol.29, No.5, September 2016, pp.1571-1578 1571 Ameliorative potential of Solanum trilobatum leaf extract and fractions on lipid profile and oxidative stress in experimental diabetes Khader Syed Zameer Ahmed 1 *, Syed Zameer Ahmed Sidhra 2 , Ponnusamy Ponmurugan 2 and Balasubramanian Senthil Kumar 3 1 Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, K.S.R Kalvinagar, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, K.S.R Kalvinagar, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Department of Zoology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract: Solanum trilobatum Linn is a medicinal plants used in India from many centuries to cure various diseases. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ameliorative potential of the ethanolic leaf extract and fractions of Solanum trilobatum (St) against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Solanum trilobatum leaf extract and fractions were administered orally at two different concentration (100-200mg/kg body weight) to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The antidiabetic efficacy was validated through various biochemical parameters, enzyme assays, renal markers and antioxidant properties were also determined. The phytochemical analyses of St leaves were done by estimating their Chlorophyll, carotenoids, total sugar, protein, amino acid and minerals contents. The results revealed that the leaf extracts and fractions of St were efficient anti hyperglycemic agents and posses potent nephro-protective activity. However, the extracts of St leaves at a concentration of 200mg/kg bw exhibit higher efficacy in all tested concentrations. From the result it can be concluded that the leaf extracts of St can be a potential candidate in treating the hyperglycemic conditions and justifies its use in ethano medicine and can be exploits in the management of diabetes Keywords: Solanum trilobatum, Alloxan, oxidative stress, antioxidant, hyperglycemia, hypolipidemic. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem worldwide and among Asians the disease is feared to increase 2–3 folds in recent time (Jasemine Shabeer et al., 2009). The focus on plant research has improved throughout the world and the use of medicinal plants in various traditional systems has been established scientifically. Many plant products are used widely in folklore medicine because of their therapeutic potential. A multitude of herbs species and other plant materials have been described for the treatment of diabetes throughout the world (Kesari et al., 2006). Solanum trilobatum Linn is one of the common Indian medicinal plants and it has been used in traditional medicine for many centuries (Mohan et al., 1998). The constitutents of this plant include sobatum, β solamarine, solaine, solasodine, glycoalkaloid, diosogenin and tomatidine. St has a broad spectrum of antibiotic, anticancer and antibacterial (Mohan et al., 1996) and also has hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities (Shahjahan et al., 2004, Doss A and Anand SP 2012). The leaves are used to cure cough, ear aches, lung diseases increases male fertility, acts against snake poisioning for curing cough, gastrics and ear aches (Govindhan et al., 2004). The paste prepared from the plant is used to cure tuberculosis (Subramni et al., 1989). Based on the above perception an attempt was made to determine the possible role of St against experimental diabetes and associated complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collection and preparation of plant material The leaves of St were collected from Vellore District, TN, India. The plant materials were cleaned with distilled water, shade dried at room temperature and authenticated from the Department of Botany, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore Dt, Tamil Nadu and voucher specimens (CAHC-9c/2009) was stored. The dried leaves were coarsely powdered by using electric blender and stored separately in an air-tight container for further use. The powdered leaf sample was first macerated in ethanol for 24 h for proper extraction, similarly the leaf sample was successively macerated for 24hr with ethyl acetate and methanol. The residue was removed by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator at 60±10 o C to yield required quantity of crude extract and the resultant extract was used for further studies. Chemicals and solvents Alloxan was purchased from SD Fine Chem. Limited, Mumbai, India and all other chemicals and solvents were of analytical grade and obtained from Fischer Inorganic and Aromatic Limited, Chennai, India. *Corresponding author: e-mail: zameerkhader@gmail.com