1 The influence of sex and gender-role orientation in the decision to become an entrepreneur Anna Perez-Quintana Department of Economy and Business, Universitat de Vic, Barcelona, Spain Esther Hormiga Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, and Joan Carles Martori and Rafa Madariaga Department of Economy and Business, Universitat de Vic, Vic, Spain Abstract This research explores the relationship between sex, gender-role orientation and the decision to become an entrepreneur. Based on a questionnaire, this article follows the Bem Sex-Role Inventory methodology to perform an analysis by means of multiple regression models. The outcomes show that gender-role orientation is a better predictor of the decision to become an entrepreneur than biological sex. Moreover, the results for whole sample confirm the relationship between masculine and androgynous gender-role orientation and entrepreneurial intention, while there is also evidence of feminine gender-role orientation when we consider only women. Keywords: Gender stereotypes, gender-role orientation, female entrepreneurship, androgyny, entrepreneurial intention.