Research Article
The Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Eryngium carlinae F.
Delaroche Are Mediated by the Involvement of the Intestinal
Transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8
Ibrahim Guillermo Castro-Torres,
1
Minarda De la O-Arciniega,
2
Elia Brosla Naranjo-Rodríguez,
3
Víctor Alberto Castro-Torres,
1
Miguel Ángel Domínguez-Ortíz,
4
and Mariano Martínez-Vázquez
1
1
Instituto de Qu´ ımica, Universidad Nacional Aut´ onoma de M´ exico (UNAM), Ciudad de M´ exico, Mexico
2
´
Area Acad´ emica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut´ onoma del Estado de Hidalgo,
Pachuca de Soto, HGO, Mexico
3
Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Qu´ ımica, UNAM, Ciudad de M´ exico, Mexico
4
Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias B´ asicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa de Enr´ ıquez, VER, Mexico
Correspondence should be addressed to Mariano Mart´ ınez-V´ azquez; marvaz@unam.mx
Received 13 August 2017; Revised 24 October 2017; Accepted 22 November 2017; Published 14 December 2017
Academic Editor: Roberto K. N. Cuman
Copyright © 2017 Ibrahim Guillermo Castro-Torres et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Hypercholesterolemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by a high concentration of cholesterol in the blood. Eryngium carlinae
is a medicinal plant used to treat lipid diseases. Te goal of this work was to evaluate, in a model of hypercholesterolemia in
mice, the hypocholesterolemic efect of a hydroalcoholic extract of E. carlinae and its main metabolite, D-mannitol. Biochemical
analyses of serum lipids and hepatic enzymes were performed by photocolorimetry. We performed histopathological studies of
the liver and the expression of the intestinal cholesterol transporters Abcg5 and Abcg8 was determined by standard western blot
method. Our results showed that hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 100 mg/kg and D-mannitol at doses of 10 mg/kg reduced
the concentration of both total cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, without altering the concentration of HDL cholesterol and
without damage to hepatocytes. Treatment with the extract increased Abcg8 intestinal transporter expression, while D-mannitol
decreased the expression of the two Abcg5/Abcg8 transporters, compared with the hypercholesterolemic group. Considering that
Abcg5/Abcg8 transporters perform cholesterol efux, our results demonstrate that the lipid-lowering efect of the hydroalcoholic
extract may be associated with the increase of Abcg8 expression, but the hypocholesterolemic efect of D-mannitol is independent
of overexpression of these intestinal transporters and probably they have another mechanism of action.
1. Introduction
Hypercholesterolemia is a metabolic disorder characterized
by an increase in the concentration of plasma cholesterol
(above 200 mg/dL); it is considered the primary risk factor
for developing cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis) [1, 2].
Hypercholesterolemia can be classifed as primary if this
is associated with congenital problems or improper food
habits. When the hypercholesterolemia is associated with
some disease such as diabetes mellitus, acute renal failure,
or liver failure or the intake of types of drugs it is classifed
as secondary. Primary hypercholesterolemia is the most
prevalent [3]. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (“statins”)
represent the most efective and widely prescribed drugs cur-
rently available for the reduction of low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol. Although in general these drugs have proven
their therapeutic value adverse events have been reported.
Skeletal muscle-related events are the most common adverse
events of statin treatment [4]. Tere has also been an increase
in the number of reports of suspected psychiatric adverse
reactions associated with statins [5]. Furthermore, statins
may partially operate by lowering testosterone [5].
Hindawi
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2017, Article ID 3176232, 7 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3176232