https://biointerfaceresearch.com/
7460
Article
Volume 11, Issue 1, 2021, 7460 - 7467
https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC111.74607467
Combination of Curcumin from Curcuma longa and
Procyanidin from Tamarindus indica in Inhibiting
Cyclooxygenases for Primary Dysmenorrhea Therapy: In
silico study
Gabriella Chandrakirana Krisnamurti
1
, Yohanes Bare
2
, Mohamad Amin
3
,
Cicilia Novi Primiani
3,*
1
Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi,
10150 Bang Khun Thian, Bangkok, Thailand; gabriella.chandrakirana@mail.kmutt.ac.th;
2
Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teaching and Training Education, Nusa Nipa University, 86111, Sikka,
Indonesia; bareyohanes@gmail.com;
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia;
mohamad.amin.fmipa@um.ac.id;
4
Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, PGRI Madiun University, Madiun, East Java, Indonesia;
primiani@unipma.ac.id;
* Correspondence: primiani@unipma.ac.id;
Scopus Author ID 57202377460
Received: 11.05.2020; Revised: 10.06.2020; Accepted: 12.06.2020; Published: 17.06.2020
Abstract: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) are known for the anti-
inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The major bioactive compound found in turmeric is curcumin,
and tamarind is procyanidin. Both compounds could reduce prostaglandin concentration, leading to the
reduction of primary dysmenorrhea by inhibiting COXs. This study aims to identify the interaction of
tamarind and turmeric bioactive compounds as single isolated compound and complex compounds to
COXs using in silico as a model study. Proteins and bioactive compounds were obtained from PDB
database and Pubchem, respectively. Both proteins and ligands will be prepared using Discovery Studio
Client 3.5 and PyRx 0.8. The interaction will be performed by docking using Autodock Vina in PyRx
0.8. It showed that turmeric and tamarind bioactive compounds in single isolated form have potency in
inhibiting COX-1/COX-2, and both ligands bind to the catalytic site of proteins. Binding sites are
surrounding the binding site of the natural substrate with an efficient binding affinity. In the complex
form of turmeric-tamarind, the binding affinity is not as efficient as single compounds. However, its
complex form of both compounds provides strong inhibition. This study suggested that complex forms
of curcumin and procyanidin can reduce prostaglandin concentration and stabilize protein-ligand
interaction lead to healing dysmenorrhea.
Keywords: Curcumin; Dysmenorrhea; COXs; In-silico; Procyanidin.
© 2020 by the authors. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
1. Introduction
Drug treatment and therapy named traditional herbs currently developed from natural
bioactive compounds. Traditional herbs widely used by the public and reported could treat the
health-related problem, such as inflammation. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and turmeric
(Curcuma longa) are traditional herbs cultivated in Indonesia and known for the potential. Both
traditional herbs can treat health problems such as pain, dysenteric, fever, coughs, rheumatism,
diarrhea, has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, chemopreventive, and