International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics | January 2022 | Vol 9 | Issue 1 Page 1 International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics Nag BC et al. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2022 Jan;9(1):1-5 http://www.ijpediatrics.com pISSN 2349-3283 | eISSN 2349-3291 Original Research Article Clinical and bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection in children at a tertiary care hospital Bikash Chandra Nag 1 *, M. Mizanur Rahman 1 , Mehdi Pervez 1 , Ashis Kumar Halder 1 , M. Mujibur Rahman 1 , Ruksana Begum 2 INTRODUCTION Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections seen in children. 1 It is estimated that at least 1% of boys and 3% of girls develop UTI during first ten years of life. 1 UTI is mainly due to the ascending infection from the urethra. The diagnosis of UTI in young children is important as it may be the marker of urinary tract abnormalities. Early diagnosis is important to preserve renal function of the growing kidney. 2 E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae is the main causative agent of UTI but other Enterobacteriaceae like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and others as well as Staphylococcus saprophyticus are also commonly involved. 3,4 With the introduction of antimicrobial therapy, management of UTI s has been improved; however antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem and a cause of major concern in many countries. 5-7 Over the past several decades, resistance to most of the commonly prescribed UTI antibiotics-ampicillin, co- trimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, and fluoroquinolones has ABSTRACT Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children and is an important cause of morbidity. UTI at young age can lead to renal injury and scarring, and ultimately lead to end stage renal disease in adulthood. Aim of the study The objectives of this study were to study the clinical and bacteriological profile of UTI in children. Methods: This prospective study was done in Sher-E-Bangla medical college hospital, Barishal from January 2018 to July 2019. A urine sample was included in our dataset if it demonstrated pure growth of a single organism and accompanying antimicrobial susceptibility and subject demographic data were available. Result: UTI was more common in female (70.0%) than in male (33.0%). Half were in the age group 1-5 years. Fever was the most common presentation (64.0%) followed by abdominal pain (42.0%), dysuria /increased frequency (34%), decreased appetite (28%). Escherichia coli was the most common (64%) bacterial isolate followed by Klebsiella sp. (20.0%) and Proteus sp. (14.0%). E. coli was highly sensitive to ofloxacin, cefotaxime and amikacin (94.0%). Klebsiella was 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amikacin. Greater degree of resistance was seen to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. Conclusions: Though various microorganisms are responsible for UTI in children, E. coli is the most common causative agent. Antimicrobial resistance has already emerged against many antibiotics, making empiric treatment of these infections challenging. Keywords: UTI, Bacterial isolates, Antibiotic susceptibility 1 Department of Pediatrics, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barishal, Bangladesh 2 Department of Pediatrics, Popular College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh Received: 10 November 2021 Revised: 24 November 2021 Accepted: 25 November 2021 *Correspondence: Dr. Bikash Chandra Nag, E-mail: dr.bcnag@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20214785