Romanian Biotechnological Letters Vol. , No. x,
Copyright © 2017 University of Bucharest Printed in Romania. All rights reserved
ORIGINAL PAPER
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of Symphytum officinale root
Received for publication, October 18, 2016
Accepted, November 21, 2017
OLIVIU VOSTINARU
1
, SIMONA CONEA
*2
,
CRISTINA MOGOSAN
1
, CLAUDIA
CRINA TOMA
2
, CORINA CLAUDIA BORZA
2
, LAURIAN VLASE
3
1
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Physiopathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu
Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6A, L. Pasteur, 400012, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldis” Western
University of Arad, 86 L. Rebreanu, 310048 Arad, Romania
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy,
“Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, RO-400012, Cluj-
Napoca, Romania
Address for correspondence to: suciu_simona@yahoo.com.
Abstract
The present work evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of a Symphytum
officinale root extract standardized in rosmarinic acid. The anti-inflammatory effect of the hydro-glycero-
alcoholic extract administered orally was assessed by the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema method while
the antinociceptive effect was determined by the acetic acid induced writhing test in mice and by Randall Selitto
test in rats. Content in rosmarinic acid quantified by a HPLC-MS method was 74.77 μg/mL. In the carrageenan-
induced rat paw oedema method administration of S. officinale extract (500 mg/kg, orally) reduced significantly
and dose-dependently oedema by 55.6% at 1h after inflammation was induced. In the writhing test, S. officinale
extract (500 mg/kg, orally) inhibited by 45.25% the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid in mice. In
the Randall Selitto test in rats, the oral administration of S. officinale extract (500 mg/kg, orally) demonstrated
a strong peripheral antinociceptive effect in the first two hours after administration increasing the pain
threshold by 58%. Our study demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of S.
officinale extract probably mediated by peripheral mechanisms which may justify the traditional use in the
treatment of some inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: Comfrey, polyphenols, oedema, pain.
1. Introduction
Symphytum officinale (Boraginaceae family) (comfrey) is a well known remedy used in folk
medicine as poultices for topic applications according to the wound healing effects, to reduce
joint inflammation in rheumatic and arthritic diseases, in broken bones and tendon damages,
and for internal use for curing ulcers. Previous experimental data reported a wide range of
pharmacologic activities of various Symphytum extracts such as antifungal, anti-
inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasoprotective effects (TALHOUK et al., 2007 [1]; NEAGU
et al., 2011 [2]; GOKADZE et al., 2013 [3]).
External preparations of S. officinale were widely available and folk medicine suggested that
comfrey could be used to treat musculoskeletal disorders, wounds and various other
conditions (FROST et al., 2013 [4]).