Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies Vol. 7, No 4, December 2021
945
Volume and Issues Obtainable at Center for Sustainability Research and Consultancy
Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies
ISSN: 2519-0318 & ISSN (E): 2518-8488
Volume 7: Issue 4 December 2021
Journal homepage: www.publishing.globalcsrc.org/jafee
Analysis of Livelihoods and Food Security among Rural Households of
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
*Khadim Nabi, PhD Scholar, Institute of Development Studies, Faculty of Rural Social
Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
Malik Muhammad Shafi, Assistant Professor, Institute of Development Studies, Faculty of
Rural Social Sciences, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
*Corresponding author’s email: khadim213@gmail.com
ARTICLE DETAILS
History
Revised format: Nov 2021
Available Online: Dec 2021
Purpose: This study was an effort with the aim to study
livelihoods and food security status in rural areas of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Three districts of the province
were confined and research data from randomly selected 336
households were collected. Livelihoods was analyzed by
investigating livelihood strategies pursued by the households
while food security status was measured through calorie intake
method.
Findings: The study examined that diversified livelihood
strategies were pursued by the households; and noticed that farm
was the prime strategy of 34.52% households while non-farm was
the strategy of 65.48% households The incidence of food secure
and insecure households was 57.44% and 42.56%, respectively;
and FSI of the food secure households averaged 1.26 and food
insecure households averaged 0.79.
Implications/Originality/Value: There is dire need to provide
opportunities for a sustainable livelihood strategy at household level
that could ultimately move them from worse to better food security
status.
© 2021, The authors, under a Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0
Keywords
Livelihoods, Food Security,
Farm and Non-Farm
Strategies, Calorie intake
method, Logit model
_____________________
JEL Classification
Q5, R2, R210
Recommended citation: Nabi, K. & Shafi, M. M. (2021). Analysis of Livelihoods and Food
Security among Rural Households of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Journal of Accounting and
Finance in Emerging Economies, 7(4), 945-954.
Introduction
The concepts of livelihood are varying widely and dynamic as they are depending on the level of
development of the targeted region or country (UNODC, 2011). The livelihood has broader
meaning than income and include everything necessary for living. It encompasses the activities
that undertake as well as planned by men and women to build their livelihoods and that create
household’s survival means (DFID, 1999).