87 SUO 53(3–4), 2002
© Suoseura — Finnish Peatland Society ISSN 0039-5471
Helsinki 2002 Suo 53(3–4): 87–96
Fluxes of nitrous oxide on natural peatlands in
Vuotos, an area projected for a hydroelectric
reservoir in northern Finland
Jari T. Huttunen, Hannu Nykänen, Jukka Turunen, Olli Nenonen and Pertti
J. Martikainen
Jari T. Huttunen, Hannu Nykänen and Pertti J. Martikainen: Research and Develop-
ment Unit of Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bioteknia
2, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. Email:
jari.huttunen@uku.fi.
Jukka Turunen: Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street
West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2K6 Canada.
Olli Nenonen: Kemijoki Ltd., Valtakatu 9-11, FIN-96101 Rovaniemi, Finland.
Nitrous oxide (N
2
O) fluxes were measured on ten natural minerotrophic peatlands in
an area planned for a hydroelectric reservoir (Vuotos) in northern Finland. The mean
N
2
O fluxes from the sites with mean water tables from –25 to 3.4 cm (negative below
the peat surface) ranged from –30 to 230 μg m
–2
d
–1
during summer 1994. At the driest
site, the herb-grass spruce mire with the mean water table at –38 cm, the mean sum-
mertime N
2
O emission was 940 μg m
–2
d
–1
in 1994, attributable to the increased N
2
O
release at low peat temperatures in autumn. A similar increase in the N
2
O emissions
was not found in 1995, as the measurements were finished before the peat started to
freeze. The mean N
2
O fluxes at the sites correlated negatively with the mean water
table levels. The peatlands in the northern boreal zone are unlikely important sources
of atmospheric N
2
O in their natural state. The planned reservoir would barely have
large long-term N
2
O emissions from the pelagic zone, but the importance of tempo-
rally flooded areas in the postflood N
2
O release is uncertain similar to the short-term
emissions following the flooding.
Keywords: Northern boreal peatlands, climate warming, flooding, global change, green-
house gas emission, hydro dam
Introduction
Nitrous oxide (N
2
O) is a radiatively active green-
house gas in the atmosphere (Khalil 1999, IPCC
2001a) and it also contributes to the destruction
of stratospheric ozone (Cicerone 1987). Globally,
soils represent a major source of N
2
O emissions
to the atmosphere (Khalil 1999). Nitrous oxide
is produced in soils mainly by two microbial proc-
esses, nitrification and denitrification (Davidson
& Schimel 1995). Denitrification can also con-
sume N
2
O in soils (Schiller & Hastie 1994,
Regina et al. 1996).
In general, natural northern wetlands have