International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume III, Issue VI, June 2016 | ISSN 2321–2705 www.rsisinternational.org Page 85             i i A n    2 1 2 2 2 1 Borosilicate Crown Glass Honeycomb Photonic Crystal Fiber for Minimizing the Chromatic Dispersion Kiran Rathore 1 , Anurag Paliwal 2 , Sunil Sharma 3 1 M.Tech. Scholar, GITS 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GITS 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pacific University Abstract: The proposed design of Borosilicate Crown Glass Honeycomb photonic crystal fiber is for minimizing the chromatic dispersion. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method and transparent boundary condition (TBC) is used to propose this design. To simulate this design we use optifdtd software. This method produced minimum dispersion at 1.9μm of 0.5μm diameter and 3 μm pitch. Such PCF have high potential to be used as a dispersion compensating fiber in optical window. The refractive index calculated with this method is equal to the conventional borosilicate i.e. 1.5168. Keywords: Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), Borosilicate crown glass (BK7), Chromatic Dispersion, Transparent Boundary Condition (TBC), FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain). I. INTRODUCTION hotonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have made from single material with a regular array of empty holes running along the length of the cladding. This structure enables light to be controlled within the fiber. Modern optical fibers, which transmit information in the form of short optical pulses over long distances at high speeds, have become integral part of life in the information age [1]. In these years PCF is very attracted in the research group because of many of their attractive properties as high birefringence, very high and low nonlinearity, wideband dispersion flattened characteristics, endlessly single mode guiding, fiber sensors and fiber lasers. Many research papers have published some optical properties of PCFs such as unique chromatic dispersion, which are almost impossible for the conventional optical fibers. Mostly silica is used as a core material in PCFs and core is surrounded by air holes called photonic crystal structure [2]. The PCF technology is used to create a fiber with high nonlinear coefficient and zero chromatic dispersion. Most photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have been fabricated in silica glass. PCF is made by a single material. Here we use Borosilicate crown glass as core material. Borosilicate glass was first developed by German glassmaker otto Schott in the late 19 th century. Most borosilicate glass is colorless 70 % silica, 10% boron oxide, 8% sodium oxide, 8% potassium oxide and 1% calcium oxide are used in the manufacture of borosilicate glass. Borosilicate crown glass (BK7) is an optical material used in large fraction OPTICS products. It is relatively hard glass, doesn‟t scratch easily. Another important feature of BK7 is very good transmission down to 350 nm. Due to these properties, BK7 are widely used in the optics industry[3] . In this paper, two main properties of PCF are discussed. First Effective refractive index and second dispersion. Effective mode index (n eff ) can be obtained as – n eff = β/k 0 here, β is the propagation constant and k 0 = 2π/λ. Where λ is the operating wavelength. Total dispersion D T = D W + D M Here, D W is waveguide dispersion and D M is material dispersion. The waveguide dispersion is defined as- C is the velocity of light . The material dispersion given by sellemier formula The Scalar wave equation is : [Δ t 2 + (k 2 n 2 - β 2 )] Ψ[4] II. DESIGN PRINCIPLE AND SIMULATION RESULTS n d d D eff W c   2 2         P