Journal of Basic and Applied Engineering Research
p-ISSN: 2350-0077; e-ISSN: 2350-0255; Volume 3, Issue 1; January-March, 2016, pp. 41-43
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/Publication.html
Iron Nanoparticles Catalyzed Degradation of
Organic Dyes in Water for Environmental
Remediation
Priti Malhotra
1
, Rekha Kathal
2
and Aditi Puri
3
1,2,3
Department of Chemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi- 110007
E-mail:
1
pritimalhotra21@gmail.com,
3
aditi2016@gmail.com
Abstract—The potent magnetic and catalytic properties of iron can
offer a great deal to the degradation of aqueous organic solutes, thus
can be efficiently employed for the removal of toxic pollutants from
water bodies. Dyes are known organic water pollutants especially in
textile wastewater industries and iron nanomaterials can be used for
its degradation. Plant mediated synthesized iron nanoparticles
containing iron oxides and zerovalent iron (ZVI) have been used as
Fenton like catalyst for the degradation of organic solutes. Iron
nanoparticles have been synthesized in a greener manner using green
extract of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum (cinnamon) and characterized
by UV-visible spectroscopic technique and FTIR spectroscopy.
Synthesized iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) from plant extracts have
enhanced stability due to the presence of biomolecules, which act
both as chelating and reducing agent. Iron nanoparticles from green
extract of cinnamon have been used for decolorization of aqueous
solutions containing dyes such as methylene blue. The adsorption
capacity of FeNP has been explored, as they mimic Fenton’s reagent,
in the presence of 10% H
2
O
2
so that the quenching of dyes from
contaminated water can be determined.
1. “INTRODUCTION”
Organic pollutants are major contaminants present in
wastewater from textile industries. Textile industries are
important for every growing economy of any country but its
contribution to the water pollution of the area is equally
dangerous. Significant amount of organic molecules
particularly dyes are present in the wastewater effluents from
textile industries and they are difficult to degrade. To
overcome the problem, several biological, chemical or
physical methods were introduced in the past. The physical
methods which include liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption or
ion exchange are not efficient enough because they do not
destroy the pollutants but only transfer them from one phase to
another phase, while the biological treatments occur at slow
rates and sometimes all contaminants may not be
biodegradable and can be even toxic to the microorganism
acting on the degradation process. Therefore, more sustainable
methods for the destruction of various recalcitrant organic
pollutants in water have been adopted using zerovalent iron
nanoparticles obtained from green extracts [1, 2].
Dyes are nonbiodegradable organic chemicals and their
presence in wastewater have posed bigger threat to the
environment and their decolorization owing to their high color
and organic concentrations is onerous. Most of the commercial
dyes used in textile industries are azodyes having
characteristic –N=N- structure attached to the carbon atoms
present in organic systems whose stability is dangerous for the
environment. Azo dyes are a major class of synthetic colored
compounds present in dyes stuff used today. The cleavage of
azo bond (-N=N-) in the chromophore of an azo dye leads to
the decolorization of the dye solution. Iron particles with nano
scale size have been recently reported to demonstrate excellent
adsorption of azo dyes. Mimicing the Fenton’s process, which
employs Fe
2+
/H
2
O
2
and further exploring the enhanced surface
activity of nanosized particles, zerovalent iron (ZVI)
nanoparticles have been used for the adsorption of methylene
blue from water. Since, there are certain disadvantages
associated with usage of Fe
2+
salts with H
2
O
2
, it was decided
to use as a solid form which could efficiently remove the color
of the wastewater containing methylene blue as the dye. Most
of the studies in the past were focused on degradation of azo
dyes solutions using commercial grade microsized zero valent
iron (ZVI) and their potential and versatility in environment
scavenging had been well established. As a chemical reactant,
nanoscale zerovalent iron (ZVI) are capable of exhibiting high
reactivity because of their extremely small particle size, large
surface area, and mobility. Utilizing these aspects, the main
target was to synthesize nanoscale ZVI and characterize them
using UV-vis spectroscopy and FTIR analysis and then its
application for removing methylene blue from water samples
[3-6].
Owing to the high intrinsic reactivity of FeNPs on their
surface sites, a simple green method was employed for the
synthesis of ZVI nanoparticles. The plant mediated synthesis
of ZVI nanoparticles was not only cost effective but also
proved to be of great significance because of its non toxic and
biodegradable nature. Apart from this, the green extracts also
act as dispersing and capping agents leading to the synthesis