Int J Med. Public Health. 2021; 11(2):108-112.
A Multifaceted Peer Reviewed Journal in the feld of Medicine and Public Health
www.ijmedph.org | www.journalonweb.com/ijmedph
Original Article
International Journal of Medicine and Public Health, Vol 11, Issue 2, Apr-Jun, 2021 108
Oluwafemi Adedayo
Adetayo
1,
*, Olusade Cecilia
Adetayo
2
, Sulaimon Adisa
Koleosho
1
, Dayo Omodele
Adeyemo
3
, Oluropo
Michael Obafemi
4
,
Tolulope Ademola
Olakojo
5
1
Department of Animal Health
Technology, Federal College of Animal
Health and Production Technology,
Moor Plantation Ibadan, Park in
Ibadan, NIGERIA.
2
London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine-College of Medicine Research
Collaborative Center, University of
Ibadan, NIGERIA.
3
Department of Disease Control, School
of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Zambia, ZAMBIA.
4
Department of Veterinary Laboratory
Technology, Federal College of Animal
Health and Production Technology,
Moor Plantation Ibadan, Park in
Ibadan, NIGERIA.
5
Livestock Improvement Programme,
Institute of Agricultural Research and
Training, Obafemi Awolowo University,
Moor Plantation Ibadan, Park in
Ibadan, NIGERIA.
Correspondence
Dr. Oluwafemi Adedayo Adetayo
Department of Animal Health Technology,
Federal College of Animal Health and
Production Technology, Moor Plantation
Ibadan, Park in Ibadan, NIGERIA.
Mobile no: +2348030775974
Email: ibvirology@gmail.com
History
• Submission Date: 12-12-2020;
• Revised Date: 26-01-2021;
• Accepted Date: 03-03-2021;
DOI : 10.5530/ijmedph.2021.2.19
Article Available online
http://www.ijmedph.org/v11/i2
Copyright
© 2021 Phcog.Net. This is an open-
access article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International license.
Cite this article : Adetayo OA, Adetayo OC, Koleosho SA, Adeyemo DO, Obafemi OM, Olakojo TA. Prevalence of
Rabies Pre-exposure Vaccination and Risk Perception among Veterinary Students at the University of Ibadan- A
Cross Sectional Survey. Int J Med Public Health. 2021;11(2):108-12.
ABSTRACT
Background: It is often mandatory for veterinarians and clinical veterinary students to receive
rabies pre-exposure vaccination being among the occupational at risk group. The practice of
encouraging veterinary students to receive rabies pre-exposure vaccination has the advantage
of ensuring their safety during their clinical training and practice. The study examined the
prevalence of rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis and rabies risk perception among veterinary
students at the University of Ibadan. Materials and Methods: A well-structured questionnaire
was used to obtain data from registered 325 veterinary students across all levels of study at 45
students per level of study using stratifed random sampling method. Social Science Statistical
Package 21 was used to analyze results. Results was presented as means, frequencies and
percentages. Results: The mean age of respondents was 22.81±4.67 years with 51.3% being
male and 91.9% was single. The prevalence of rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis was extremely
low, 18.6%. Rabies risk perception was slightly high 62.5% among the respondents. Level
of study and previous dog bite injury were statistically signifcant for rabies risk perception.
Conclusion: There was non-compliance with the WHO recommendation that individuals at risk
of rabies due to their occupational exposure should receive rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis. The
University administration and Veterinary Council of Nigeria should make it known to be a policy
for the clinical veterinary students.
Key words: Rabies, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Risk perception, Veterinary students,
University of Ibadan.
Prevalence of Rabies Pre-exposure Vaccination and Risk
Perception among Veterinary Students at the University of
Ibadan- A Cross Sectional Survey
Oluwafemi Adedayo Adetayo
1,
*, Olusade Cecilia Adetayo
2
, Sulaimon Adisa Koleosho
1
, Dayo Omodele Adeyemo
3
,
Oluropo Michael Obafemi
4
, Tolulope Ademola Olakojo
5
INTRODUCTION
Rabies is an infectious disease that is common
in more than 150 countries and territories, with
the greater risk of infection in Asia and Africa.
1
Globally canine-mediated rabies causes around
sixty-thousand humans deaths/ per annum, out of
which about twenty-four thousand are contributed
by African cases.
1
Te World Health Organization
(WHO. 2018) detailed that the disease kills tens of
thousands of individuals every year.
2
Every year, there
are an estimated 60 000 fatal cases of rabies around
the world, with almost 99% of cases occurring in
Africa and Asia.
3
Additionally, it is a dangerous
disease generally transmitted to people through bites
and licks from infected animals, for the most part
from domestic dogs.
1-3
Rabies is one amongst the
Neglected Tropical Infections that transcendently
impacts poor and powerless populations who stay
in rural areas. About 80% of human cases happen in
rural regions.
4
In 1912, Nigeria announced its frst case of rabies.
5
It is a persistent endemic issue as 10,000 yearly
human cases are accounted for, in Nigeria only.
5
Te
disease keeps on being signifcant scourge of cats
and dogs plateau state and Nigeria as a whole despite
several attempts to control it.
5
While considerable
advancement has been made in the control and
prevention of rabies, the rabies virus remains
prevalent at high levels in dogs, in many regions. Dog
vaccination is the most cost-efective way to prevent
humans and livestock from transmitting the disease in
regions where canine rabies is endemic.
6
Nonetheless;
signifcant underreporting of rabies cases implies
that the real number of death is probably going to be
higher. Poor and provincial populaces are excessively
infuenced, with the majority of deaths occurring in
children younger than 15 years in Asia and Africa.
6
Rabies is an avoidable yet deadly disease that is liable
for around 59,000 death per year.
7
Despite the endemic nature of the disease, the exact
severity of the disease remains unclear. Te disease
has recently acquired a huge public interest of which
a few endeavors were made by the public authority
to evaluate the extent of the problem through
mass immunization progrogrammes, surveillance