Asian Social Science; Vol. 18, No. 1; 2022 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education 55 Moderating Effect of Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude and Environment Behavior of Cybersecurity Awareness Norhafizah Che Zainal 1 , Mohd Hazwan Mohd Puad 1 , & Nor Fazlida Mohd Sani 2 1 Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Correspondence: Mohd Hazwan Mohd Puad, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Tel: 603-9769-8123. E-mail: hazwan@upm.edu.my Received: November 20, 2021 Accepted: December 10, 2021 Online Published: December 30, 2021 doi:10.5539/ass.v18n1p55 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v18n1p55 Abstract Today, cybersecurity is a growing issue in our education society to ensure a safe teaching and learning process for teachers and students. Reports and studies demonstrated that teachers and students are moderately aware of the cybersecurity threat surrounding them that could affect the learning curve and other fatal impacts. This study aims to identify the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and environment behavior of cybersecurity awareness. The researchers used a correlational design with a quantitative approach by using a questionnaire instrument to collect data from teacher respondents. A total of 350 teachers in took part in this survey voluntarily, distributed using social media applications in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. The researchers used the IBM SPSS Statistics to analyze the data descriptively and inferentially. The levels of knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and environment behavior of Malaysian school teachers towards cybersecurity awareness are low. Self-efficacy acts as a moderator in influencing the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and environment behavior of cybersecurity awareness. Strategies and programs need to be initiated by stakeholders to increase the self-efficacy of cybersecurity that could assist the positive change of environment behavior among teachers for teaching and learning benefit. Keywords: self-efficacy, knowledge, attitude, environment behavior, cybersecurity awareness 1. Introduction The cybersecurity problem is increasing in line with the increase in social media users. Statistics reported by the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) through a survey show an increase in internet usage among young users by 155 percent from 2016 to 2020. Students are vulnerable to cybercrime. Teachers need to increase cyber security awareness among students (Zulkifli et al., 2020). The internet users with a high cybersecurity awareness can reduce cybercrime incidents (Pitchan et al., 2019). Understanding teachers' cybersecurity awareness can help the school create cybersecurity awareness among students (Ahmed et al., 2021). This study aims to identify the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of cybersecurity awareness among school teachers in Malaysia. The knowledge factor is very closely related to cybersecurity awareness. Internet users with good knowledge of cybersecurity will identify negative or positive situations when using social media (Pitchan et al., 2019). Moreover, teachers with good knowledge of cybersecurity awareness will not be easily fooled by the threat of cybercrime. Teachers who have a good knowledge of cybersecurity can clearly convey the existing knowledge about cybersecurity to the students and convey the correct understanding of cybersecurity. As for the attitude factor, teachers who practice good cybersecurity attitudes will set an example for students in practicing cybersecurity (Zulkifli et al., 2020). According to Ajzen and Fishbein (2000), a positive attitude should induce approximation tendencies, while negative attitudes should influence avoidance tendencies. Nowadays, many students have their social media accounts. How teachers use social media will be followed by students. The judicious use of social media will make social media a place where knowledge is contributed and knowledge is added. The students always notice the teacher's attitude. In addition, careful use of social media