1 Plant Archives Vol. 20, Supplement 2, 2020 pp. 2600-2604 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABLE GREEN NANOMATERIAL FOR DESERT CULTIVATION Alaa K.H. Al-Khalaf Department of Environment, College of Environmental Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: dralaa_al-khalaf@hotmail.co.uk; dralaa_al-khalaf@environ.uoqasim.edu.iq Abstract Green chemistry is a major approach to protect and improve the environment for the purpose of achieving sustainable development, and its most important principles in pollution prevention are summarized through the use of renewable raw materials such as biomass in order to achieve recovery, recycling and organic biodegradation. The greener technique was to create a natural cover to cultivate sandy lands by preparing its four layers derived from the available biomass, this technique meets with the criteria of sustainable environmental and economic development. The first layer composed of palm tree leaves, which was formed in the form of a woven fabric to support the layers of the green cover and assist in the fixation process of the green cover on the sand surface. The second layer consisted of sawdust, which supports the woven fabric of palm tree leaves (the first layer) and conserves the moisture content and water droplets that leak out from the upper two layers which were the hydrogel and the nutrients. The third layer was the nutrients layer, which was made up of the remains of the potatoes after the greener extraction method of the hydrogel and a grounded mixture of both date seeds and egg shells to provide suitable nutrients that support plant's growth. The last layer formed from the hydrogel as a coating thin film on plant fibers (jute or palm tree tissue) for the purpose of water absorption falling on it. This film of hydrogel protects the plant seeds (barley) against the drought and atmospheric effects, assist the plants to immerse their roots inside the plant fibers layer and support the roots extension to the nutrient layer down to bottom. There is a great benefit from such a green method due to its high efficiency for the direct reclamation of sandy land. Also, this method can provide us with sustainable green concepts through the adoption of biomass to develop the methods of reclamation of sandy lands, treatment of desertification, preservation of the environment and sustainable development to overcome scarcity of water and decreasing food and energy locally and globally. Keywords: Biomass, Hydro Gel, Desert treatment, Sustainable greener cultivation technology Introduction The modern green technologies are considered one of the best ways to protect and improve the environment for the purpose of achieving sustainable development, and this concept has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years to adopting its principles with regard to indicators of environmental efficiency by showing the real benefit in the stages of planning, design, application and sustainability in various vital areas of the human being. Anastas and Warner, 1998; Mike, 2002). These technologies included the possibility of using biomass and its organic nanoparticles to solve contemporary environmental issues through the sustainable green technology in the treatment process steps on its final impact on humans and the environment (de Bont, 1993; Keith et al., 2012). Natural organic products resulting from biomass and manufactured smart polymers that respond to environmental influences can be designed to respond with a variety of variables such as temperature, pH, antibacterial, and these polymers have their unique applications as conveying systems for food or medicines through their susceptibility. High absorption of water by physical or ionic bonding and formation of the hydrogen atom with water molecules. (Baohua and Jinlian, 2005) The environmentally sensitive hydro gel (H-gel) and its distinct role as natural food or drug transporting systems possess unique properties, one of which is that it is an open thermodynamic system. For example, when conditions such as temperature, humidity, and pH in the external environment change slightly, the volume of the hydrogel will it swells or shrinks dramatically. From spectra of the electron microscope SEM of starch- derived aqueous gel (photo 1), it was found that it clearly possesses the porosity characteristic and is an indication of its wide susceptibility to water absorption, as the maximum absorption of water reached (95 g/g weight) in its aqueous solutions. (Soleimani and Sadeghi, 2012). Photo 1 : Porous surface of starch-based hydro-gel polymer (Soleimani and Sadeghi, 2012) The unique physical and chemical characteristics of the natural organic compounds extracted from the plant, as in the H-gel of starch and its ability to absorb high water, these compounds and their characteristics have brought the interest of researchers in the applications of green sustainable development and nanotechnology in the industrial field in a broad way and put it strongly in the literature newly