Original Research Article DOI: 10.18231/2394-6377.2018.0016 International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research, January-March, 2018;5(1):78-84 78 Study of high-sensitivity C-Reactive protein levels in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus K. Prathibha Bharathi 1 , Shivakumar 2 , M. Krishnamma 3 , J.N. Naidu, M. Prasad 4,* 1 Chief Consultant, 2 Assistant Professor, 3 Professor, 4 Professor & HOD, 5 Tutor, Dept. of Biochemistry, 1 Apollo Speciality & Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, 2 Sri Siddhartha Medical College & Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, 3,4,5 Narayana Medical College & Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India *Corresponding Author: Email: m.prasadnaidu@ymail.com Abstract Introduction: The Diabetes mellitus was characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The two broad categories of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes. The role of elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a risk marker for cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease is well established through consistent results from a number of prospective studies. More recent data suggest that hs-CRP is superior to other markers of inflammation for risk evaluation. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted over a period of one year on outpatients attending the General Medicine Department at Narayana General Hospital, Nellore. The study was undertaken on 50 type 2 Diabetes mellitus and 50 normal healthy controls. Both male and females in the age group of 35 – 70 years were included. Results: Fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose, and hs-CRP levels was measured in 50 T2DM cases and 50 age matched healthy controls. The mean and standard deviation were calculated for all the Biochemical parameters. The significance between the groups were determined using Student t- test for Equality of means. The p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is increase in hs-CRP levels in T2DM cases compared with controls. hs-CRP is an inflammatory marker and has role in atherosclerosis. From this study it is observed that there is moderate correlation between hs-CRP levels and it increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, hs-CRP, Hyperglycemia, Inflammation. Received: 04 th October, 2017 Accepted: 17 th November, 2017 Introduction Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The two broad categories of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. 1 Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose production. 2 The prevalence of diabetes, constituted chiefly by type 2 diabetes mellitus, is a global public health threat. The prevalence among adults aged 20-70 years is expected to rise from 285 million in 2010 to 438 million by the year 2030. 3 The present trend indicates that more than 60% of the world’s diabetic population will be in Asia. 4 The metabolic disturbance associated with diabetes causes secondary pathophysiologic changes in multiple organ systems that impose a tremendous burden on the individual with diabetes and on the health care system. 5 The risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) is two to six times greater in people with type 2 diabetes than those without diabetes and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes. At least 50% of deaths are caused by coronary heart disease (CHD). 6 Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major vascular complication of diabetes mellitus and reveals high mortality. Up to 30% of diabetic patients with myocardial ischemia remain asymptomatic and are associated with worse prognosis compared to non-diabetic counterpart, which warrants routine screening for CAD in diabetic population. 7 Epidemiological studies indicate that diabetes mellitus can accelerate atherosclerotic processes and increase the incidence of cardiovascular events and strokes. 8 The role of elevated hs-CRP as a risk marker for cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease is well established through consistent