PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK HAYATI MIKORIZA DAN ROCK PHOSPHATE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) THE EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZAL BIOFERTILIZER AND ROCK PHOSPHATE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Ima Hartanti Ima.hartanti@yahoo.com Supervised by : Prof. Dr. Ir. Hapsoh, MS and Sri Yoseva, SP, MP Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau ABSTRACT The aim of this research are to determine the effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizer, rock phosphate and interaction on growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). This research was conducted experimentally by using Randomized Design Group (RDG) factorial with two factors namely mycorrhizal biofertilizer and rock phosphate with 3 replications. The parameters focus on plant height, the number of leaves, leaf weight, trunk diameter, when the pistil appear, when the pollen arise, harvest age, cob weight per cornhusk/m 2 , cob weight without cornhusk/m 2, cob diameter, cob length, the number of rows per cob and the percentage of infected mycorrhizal roots.The result of this research shows that the interaction of mycorrhizal biofertilizer and rock phosphate and the main factor rock phosphate there is no real effect to all the parameters, whereas the main factor mycorrhizal biofertilizer significantly effect the parameters of trunk diameter, cob length, and percentage of mycorrhizal infected roots. Fertilizing of mycorrhizal biofertilizer can increase cob weight per cornhusk/m 2 as 17.9% than without fertilizing it. Keywords : Sweet corn, mycorrhizal biofertilizer, rock phosphate PENDAHULUAN Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) merupakan komoditas pertanian yang disukai oleh masyarakat karena rasanya lebih manis dari jagung biasa dan pada umumnya disajikan dalam bentuk jagung rebus dan jagung bakar. Menurut Iskandar (2003), setiap 100 g jagung manis yang dikonsumsi mengandung energi 96 kalori, karbohidrat 22.8 g, protein 3.5 g, lemak 1.0 g, P 111 mg, Fe 0.7 mg, dan air 72.7 g. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Riau (2012) melaporkan luas panen jagung manis pada tahun 2012 mengalami penurunan sebesar 21,64 %, hal ini menyebabkan produksi jagung manis turun sekitar 20,70 % dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Rendahnya produktivitas jagung ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu belum diterapkannya teknologi budidaya yang dianjurkan, kondisi iklim yang terkadang kurang menguntungkan dan kesuburan tanah yang rendah.