Investigation on the Mechanical Properties
of Low Plasticity Clay Contaminated
with Engine Oil
Khalid Riyadh Omar
(B )
, Behzad Fatahi, and Lam Dinh Nguyen
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS),
Sydney, Australia
khalid.r.omar@student.uts.edu.au
Abstract. Oil contamination presents a challenge for geotechnical engineers to
remedy and improve the properties of the contaminated ground. Many researchers
have shown that the behaviour of granular soil is highly affected by the level
of oil contamination. However, studies on the mechanical properties of the oil-
contaminated clay remain limited. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the effect
of engine oil on the behaviour of clayey soil, particularly its impacts on the level
of oil contamination are investigated and discussed. Extensive laboratory experi-
ments are conducted on Kaolin clay mixed with various amounts of engine oil up
to 16% and experimental results in terms of Atterberg limits, unconfined compres-
sion strength and small strain shear modulus (G
max
) are reported. It is observed
that the liquid limit and plastic limit of the oil-contaminated clay initially increases
with the oil content up to an optimum value where further addition of oil results
in a decrease in the liquid limit. In addition, the presence of oil within the clay
structure results in a reduction of the shear strength and the shear modulus of the
contaminated clay. Hence, this paper concludes that the engineering properties of
the oil-contaminated clay can be adversely impacted by a considerable level of
contamination.
Keywords: Oil contamination · Kaolin clay · Atterberg limits · Unconfined
compression strength · Shear modulus
1 Introduction
The leakage of engine oil in the vicinity of storage tanks, industrial engines, and during
transportation are accidental and can be significant, imposing an ecological threat to
the environment. Engine oil contains base oil and other additives which are toxic when
released to the environment and can contaminate the surrounding soil with significant
adverse effects. The base oil consists mainly of petroleum-based hydrocarbons which
is one of the frequently used organic chemicals in the petrochemical industry. Indeed,
hydrocarbons are obtained by drilling, stored in tanks, and often transferred by ships
and pipelines (Routh et al. 1969).
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
A. Tapase et al. (Eds.): GeoChina 2021, SUCI, pp. 21–32, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79644-0_3