IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education (IOSR-JSPE) e-ISSN: 2347-6737, p-ISSN: 2347-6745, Volume 1, Issue 6 (Jul-Aug. 2014), PP 07-11 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org 7 | Page “An analytical study on medal tally of top ten countries in 2012 Olympic Game according to MAKA ranking system” Abhinav Bhatt 1 , Sandeep Dabas 1 , Hitesh Tyagi 1 , Dr. J.P. Sharma 1 H.N.337/A Sarsawti Calony Near Buria Chowk Jagadhri (Yamunanagar) (Haryana) I. Introduction Ancient Olympic Games The origin of the ancient Olympic Games is lost the midst of pre-history, but for many centuries they were only a festival of the Greek people. The Games were first held in honour of the Greek God, Zeus in 776 BC in the plain of kingdom of Elis, nestled in lush valley between the Alpheus River and Mount Kronion, 15 km from the Ionian Sea. The Olympiad celebrated that year was considered as the first and was used to date subsequent historic events. Modern Olympic Games The revival work of the Games was undertaken by Baron Pierre de Coubertin nearly 1,500 years after the last of the ancient Games. He was born into a family of Italian origin which had settled in France. It was on November 25, 1892, during a conference at Sorbonne about the history of physical exercises, that he first pronounced those famous six words in public “The Restoration of the Olympic Games”. He said that the games would ennoble and strengthen amateur sports, to give them strength and lasting quality for an essential role in the world of modern education. Ranking Systems As the IOC does not consider its sorting of nations to be an official ranking system, various methods of ranking nations are used. Medal Count Ranking The gold first ranking system described above is used by most of the world media, as well as the IOC. Demographic Ranking Another ranking system in use is the per-capita ranking, where the number of medals is divided by the population of the country. This does not take into account the fact that every country is limited in the number of participants they can send per event, sometimes as few as one athlete per event, including one team in team events. Weighted Ranking Systematic rankings based upon a weighted point system with the most points awarded to a gold medal have also been devised. They have been popular in some places at some time but none of them have been adopted on a large scale. Controversies Thousands of athletes from around the world gathered to compete in the Olympic Games, the most prestigious of all multi-sport international competitions. Hypothetically, country A’s athletes could win 10 gold’s and no silver or bronze medals whereas country B’s athletes might come away with 9 gold’s, 25 silvers, and 25 bronzes. Who can legitimately argue that country A enjoyed more medal success than country B did? Introduction Of “Maka” Government of India provides financial and other assistance to Universities through Association of Indian Universities (AIU) for conducting and participating in national and International tournaments, for coaching and training of athletes of University teams with a view to broad basing and integrating sports and physical fitness in colleges and universities. Government of India instituted `Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA) Trophy’ award in 1956-57.