2778 International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 2020, 9, 2778-2790 E-ISSN: 1929-4409/20 © 2020 Lifescience Global Formation and Development of Cultural Competence by Increasing Access to Material Forms of Historical and Art-History Heritage Hanna Chmil 1,* , Iryna Zubavina 2 , Vasily Kupriichuk 3 , Inna Kuznietsova 1 and Maryna Mishchenko 1 1 Institute for Cultural Research of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 2 National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 3 National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract: The formation of the practical competence of the cultural cycle is determined, first of all, by the formation of access to the fund of material and non-material forms of art, which makes it possible to expand the possibilities of an individual to increase his cultural level. The relevance of the study is determined primarily by the fact that each individual must not only carry out his practical activities but also form an understanding of the meaning of cultural studies in his mind. In this regard, and in the context of overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy, turning to non-material forms becomes a priority task for bearers. The novelty of the research is determined by the possibilities of increasing access to cultural products, while the importance of access is determined not only by high culture. The authors show that the ability to access forms of mass culture also matters. It is shown that one of the possibilities of access to popular culture is to increase the level of distribution of library access. Using the example of countries that declare their commitment to raising the cultural level of the population, the necessity for the development of digital educational resources is shown. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibilities of widely involving the population in the processes of digitalisation of information carriers about art and, on the basis of this, about the formation of general cultural competence in society as a whole. Keywords: Culture, library, information, population, crisis. INTRODUCTION The creation of the EU was accompanied by integration trends in the development of European countries in the field of economic and social policy (Vanclay et al. 2004). This process was spearheaded by the European Committee for Standardisation, which has developed a common EU strategy, with the main focus on economic and social issues, in particular, work, growth, investment, digital single market, energy alliances and market, international market, deepening and strengthening of the economy and monetary system, deepening cooperation with the United States, justice and fundamental rights, migration processes, the development of globalisation and democratic change (Gilmore and Rentschler 2002). At the same time, the EU pays tremendous attention to the coordination of activities in the field of preservation of cultural heritage, the organisation of free digital access to the cultural product of European peoples as the main function of cultural policy and the management of cultural processes, consistently including in the strategy for the development of national programs a cultural policy in the field of creating digital resource (Kobayashi and Asai 2007; Akizhanova et al. 2014; Tashpulatov et al. 2018a). *Address correspondence to this author at the Institute for Cultural Research of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Tel: 044 235 7196; E-mail: chmil-hanna2@uohk.com.cn Over the past thirty years, Europe has formulated several key principles of its general policy of promoting culture and human development in a system of cultural identity, on the one hand, and cultural diversity, on the other, creativity, participation in cultural life and respect for the individual (Huerta and Hernández 2015). Thanks to cooperation with international organisations in the field of culture and, in particular, UNESCO, IFLA, holding a number of international forums, approving conventions and recommendations on the principles of cultural development, a common approach to culture as a factor in the spiritual and economic progress of society was agreed, and cultural heritage was recognised one of the basic values of humanity (Kawashima 1999). The main principles of European policy were the preservation, research and actualisation of the European cultural heritage, its popularisation; development of modern types of cultural and creative activities and favourable conditions for the production of cultural products competitive in the world market; ensuring maximum accessibility of cultural benefits, where a significant place is given to the creation of digital resources of cultural heritage, active support for the development of information and digital technologies and the creation of a digital cultural product (Lopez 2017; Timkina et al. 2019; Daurenbekova et al. 2020; Tashpulatov et al. 2018b; Zykova et al. 2021; Knieper and Biryukov 2019; Koban 2019).