International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 2020, 9, 1567-1572 1567
E-ISSN: 1929-4409/20 © 2020 Lifescience Global
Tort Liability of Medical Workers in the Patient Safety System in
Ukraine and the World
Inna V. Horislavska
1,*
, Dariia O. Marits
2
, Oleksii Yu. Piddubnyi
1
, Daryna M. Shatkovska
3
and Yaroslav M. Shatkovskiy
4
1
Department of Civil and Commercial Law, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
2
Department of Public Law, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”,
Kyiv, Ukraine
3
Department of Regulatory and Methodological Support, Registers and Control, Ministry of Justice of Ukraine,
Kyiv, Ukraine
4
Department of Administrative and Commercial Law, Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
Abstract: Health 2020: European health and well-being policy. It focuses on supporting the actions of governments and
society in the direction of significantly improving the health and well-being of the population; reducing the level of
inequality in receiving medical services; promoting the health of everyone; ensuring that the health care system is
"human-centred". The position of the World Health Organization is unequivocal – "the most important general health
issue internationally" is patient safety (an integral component of service quality). It was proven that the reduction in the
number of medical errors and similar health-related situations is the result of the integration and coordination of services
through the participation of patients and consumers of medical services. The purpose of the paper is to investigate and
compare the features of tort liability of medical workers under the legislation of Ukraine and the standards of the World
Health Organisation. Our research is based on such methods as comparative legal method, method of analysis, formal
legal method, as well as bibliographic method. Semasiology of the concept of "tort liability" for health professionals in
Ukraine has differences in comparison with the WHO standards. Accordingly, the level of patient safety in Ukraine is
such that needs to be improved to meet international standards.
Keywords: Tort liability, medical workers, patient safety system.
INTRODUCTION
The Constitution of Ukraine defines human life and
health as the highest social value and guarantees
everyone the right to health care and medical
assistance, and the state creates conditions for
effective and accessible medical care for all citizens
(Article 49) (Constitution of Ukraine 1996). However, in
practice, patients often remain quite vulnerable, and
their main benefit – life and health – is at stake due to
imperfect legislation, medical errors, and objective
circumstances – as is the case for internally displaced
persons within Ukraine. As of September 2, 2019,
according to the Unified Information Database on
Internally Displaced Persons, 1,405,184 migrants from
the temporarily occupied territories of Donetska and
Luhanska Oblasts and the Autonomous Republic of
Crimea have been registered (Internally displaced
persons 2019).
Proper legal regulation of tort liability and
compensation for medical malpractice to protect the
*Address correspondence to this author at the National University of Life and
Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Tel: 044 527 8242;
E-mail: horislavska.iv@tanu.pro
violated rights of the patient is an appropriate
guarantee of the patient's confidence that in case of
harm to their life and health, they will either be restored
(because such benefits as life and health cannot be
restored in kind), or the damages will be reimbursed
and the perpetrators will be brought to justice. At the
current stage of development of Ukrainian society and
medical and legal science, tort liability comes to the
fore concerning the responsibility of medical workers.
According to the Civil Code of Ukraine (hereinafter
referred to as the CC of Ukraine) there is a possibility
to bring the medical worker to responsibility without the
proved fact of commission of a crime, in particular
these are Articles 1166-1168, 1172 of the CC of
Ukraine (The Civil Code of Ukraine 2003).
The main feature of the liability of medical workers
in Ukraine lies in the lack of legislative definition of the
concept of medical error (malpractice). The
international medical and legal community is working to
create the safest healthcare systems so as to reduce
the likelihood of medical errors and to reduce their
impact on both patients and healthcare professionals
(Kohn, Corrigan and Donaldson 2000, Cook and
Woods 1994, Grober and Bohnen 2005).