Open Access ISSN: 2165-7920
Clinical Case Reports
Case Report
Volume 11:3, 2021
*Address for Correspondence: Chakraborty P, Department of Orthodontics, Private
Practitioner, Consultant Orthodontist, Lucknow, India, E-mail: parijatchak@gmail.com
Copyright: © 2021 Chakraborty P, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.
Received 25 January 2021; Accepted 01 March 2021; Published 08 March 2021
Alignment of Buccally Erupted Canine Using HANT Wire
Parijat Chakraborty
1
*, Kamlesh Singh
2
, Ragni Tandon
2
, Richa Dhingra
2
and Pranshu Mathur
2
¹Department of Orthodontics, Private Practitioner, Consultant Orthodontist, Lucknow, India
²Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, India
Abstract
Ectopic teeth develop when displaced from their normal position. Any permanent tooth can be ectopic, and the cause may be both genetic and
environmental. Orthodontic treatment is justifiable for aesthetic reasons. Subsequently a careful diagnosis along with a proper treatment plan for
ectopically erupting permanent maxillary canines requires timely management by the orthodontist. The purpose of this case report is to illustrate
an approach involving management using HANT wire.
Keywords: HANT wire • Orthodontic • Ectopic teeth
Introduction
The failure of permanent teeth to erupt into their normal position in the
dental arches is usually due to a discrepancy between tooth size and over-
all arch length [1]. The prevalence of permanent maxillary canine impaction
or ectopic eruption in the general population is approximately 1-2% in which
palatally displaced canine is twice as much of the buccally placed canine. But,
ironically buccally placed canines are seen more in clinical practice [2] (Figure
1). Orthodontic tooth movement of buccally placed canines is usually difficult
as it is always related with problems of severe crowding, midline deviation,
involvement of long root movement along with its angulations, risk of damage to
adjacent tooth structures and risk of gingival recession [3]. For the management
of ectopic canines, the approaches have been classified accordingly: use
of sliding mechanisms and other using loop mechanics. Possible means for
creating for space the canine is interproximal reduction, arch expansion, distal
movement of molars, extraction, or any type of combination of the above.
Alignment of malpositioned teeth is generally treated using multi-looped
Stainless Steel (SS) wires, coaxial wires, Nickel titanium (NiTi) wires, or Heat
Activated Nickel Titanium (HANT) wires. However, when ectopically erupted
canines are aligned with NiTi wires, due to their bulky root structure, there is a
risk of round tripping of adjacent teeth. This creates a load on the anchorage
leading to anchor loss and prolongs the treatment duration [4,5]. The upper
canines’ significance to dental esthetics and functional occlusion makes the
decision a very serious one. The purpose of this report is to illustrate an
approach involving orthodontic management using HANT wire. The case was
treated through an orthodontic nonextraction fixed appliance mechanotherapy
for successful alignment of buccally ectopic upper right canine.
Case Report
The patient was a North Indian female who presented at the age of 12
years and 4 months to the Department of Orthodontics with a chief complaint
of malposed canine. On examination, the individual had Class I malocclusion
on a Class II skeletal base. The upper incisors were normal, with a 2 mm
space in between the maxillary central incisors. The overjet was normal (3
mm), and the overbite was 50% (4 mm). There was retained deciduous canine
present in the 1
st
quadrant. The permanent right maxillary canine was highly
placed buccally between the 1
st
and 2
nd
maxillary premolars (Figure 2). The
Orth Pantograph (OPG) showed that all permanent teeth roots appeared to be
of normal size, morphology, and at a normal developmental stage along with a
retained deciduous canine in the first quadrant. The right permanent maxillary
canine was positioned in between 1
st
and 2
nd
premolar along with its root highly
positioned. The root of right 1
st
premolar was a bit short and mesially titled
towards the lateral incisor root as appreciated in the radiograph (Figure 3). The
cephalometric analysis showed ANB value of 6°C, which suggests that the
patient had a Class II skeletal pattern. This was supported by the Wits analysis
(+3 mm). The ratio of lower to total anterior face height was average (67%).
Figure 1. Etiology of ectopic/malposed canine.
Figure 2. Pre-treatment intraoral photographs.