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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2020; 9(9): 41-48
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.03
TPI 2020; 9(9): 41-48
© 2020 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 19-07-2020
Accepted: 21-08-2020
Yashvantha R
Dairy Technology Department,
SMC College of Dairy Science,
Anand Agricultural University,
Anand, Gujarat, India
Suneeta Pinto
Dairy Technology Department,
SMC College of Dairy Science,
Anand Agricultural University,
Anand, Gujarat, India
Dasharath Patel
Dairy Technology Department,
SMC College of Dairy Science,
Anand Agricultural University,
Anand, Gujarat, India
Preeti Paul
Dairy Technology Department,
SMC College of Dairy Science,
Anand Agricultural University,
Anand, Gujarat, India
Corresponding Author:
Suneeta Pinto
Dairy Technology Department,
SMC College of Dairy Science,
Anand Agricultural University,
Anand, Gujarat, India
Evaluation of efficacy of lemon rind as a preservative in
paneer
Yashvantha R, Suneeta Pinto, Dasharath Patel and Preeti Paul
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the shelf life of lemon flavoured paneer (LFP). Control paneer
(CP) was prepared from standardized milk (4.5% fat/8.5% MSNF). LFP and control were vacuum
packed in laminated pouches and stored at refrigerated temperature (7±1 °C). The sensory attributes,
acidity (% LA), free fatty acid (% oleic acid), tyrosine content (mg/100g), colour value, textural
properties and standard plate count, yeast and mold count and coliform count of stored samples were
monitored at an interval of every 4
th
day. During storage there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in
acidity, free fatty acid and tyrosine content. The hardness, springiness, chewiness, cohesiveness and
gumminess values decreased significantly (P<0.05) during storage. After storage of 10 d, there was an
increase in lightness, redness and yellowness of LFP. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in SPC
and yeast and mold count during storage. Throughout storage period coliform count was absent. The
shelf-life of LFP and control was16 d and 12 d respectively when stored at 7±1 °C in 12 μ polyester + 50
μ LD/LLDPE laminated pouches under vacuum.
Keywords: Lemon, kagzi, paneer, shelf life, storage
Introduction
Paneer is an important indigenous, nutritious and protein rich dairy product. It is also good
source of fat, minerals and vitamins. Paneer is used as a base for the preparation of a large
number of culinary dishes. It is an acid coagulated dairy product, which is similar to western
cottage cheese and tofu (Soy paneer). The use of flavorings in food products dates back as
early as the 1660s with consumption of lemonade and orangeade (Hargitt, 2006)
[8]
. Consumer
demand for foods flavoured with natural ingredients has increased, whereas the safety aspect
of chemical additives has been questioned. Many plant extracts containing phenolic
compounds have recently gained a great popularity and scientific interest (Melendez and
Capriles, 2006)
[20]
.
Lemon (Citrus limon) is the third most important species of citrus after orange and mandarin
(Chanthaphon et al., 2008; Janati et al., 2012)
[4, 14]
. The rinds are an interesting source of
phenolic compounds which include phenolic acids and flavonoids (flavanones, flavones,
flavonols, anthocyanins and coumarins) and monoterpene hydrocarbons, exhibiting
antimicrobial activity in several studies (Cushnie and Lamb, 2005)
[5]
. The lemon oil, which is
present in lemon rind exhibits significant antimicrobial effect (Ortuno et al, 2006)
[22]
. It is also
well known that the extracts from lemon rind are rich source of antioxidant and antimicrobial
against various microorganisms.
Since paneer is a high moisture product, containing around 52-55% moisture, the shelf life is
quite low and it loses freshness after two to three days when stored under refrigeration. It has
been reported that the rind and pomace of lemon are a source of sugars, minerals and organic
acids, dietary fibers and phenolics which have a wide range of actions which includes
antioxidants, anti-mutagenic, cardio preventive, antibacterial and antiviral activities (Adams et
al., 2006)
[1]
. The processed peel content in the lemon flavoured paneer was around 5.33%.
Hence, it is expected to provide antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant activities. Therefore,
the study was carried out to assess the shelf life of LFP in comparison with control.
Materials and Method
Fresh, raw mixed (cow and buffalo) whole milk was procured from Anubhav Dairy, and
standardized by mixing required quantity of skim milk and cream. The average composition of
milk was 4.6+0.05% fat and 8.6+0.05% MSNF. Citric acid, β-cyclodextrin and zinc sulphate
were procured from Loba-Chemical Pvt. Ltd.