CCC 2018
Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference (2018)
Edited by: Miroslaw J. Skibniewski & Miklos Hajdu
DOI 10.3311/CCC2018-032
Corresponding author: Elżbieta Horszczaruk email: elzbieta.horszczaruk@zut.edu.pl
Creative Construction Conference 2018, CCC 2018, 30 June - 3 July 2018, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Use of a 3D scanner for imaging concrete sample surfaces abraded
with the ASTM C 1138 method
Elżbieta Horszczaruk
a,
*, Piotr Brzozowski
a
a
West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Al. Piastow 50, 70-311 Szczecin,
Poland
Abstract
In the case of most concrete constructions, aggression caused by abrasion is not the basic type of destructive environmental impact.
However, in the case of certain structures, such as hydraulic constructions, it is indeed a basic impact. In addition to corrosion, the
largest proportion in the general destruction of concrete hydro structures is made up by erosion from debris, wind and ice. In tests
of abrasive wear on concrete, the so-called underwater method, which is described in detail in the American Standard ASTM C
1138. The abrasive wear of a concrete sample is the result of the surface impact of test steel beads placed in water and set in motion
by means of a stirrer. The result of the test is the average sample area consumption, calculated using the weight loss of the concrete
sample during the test. However, this method does not allow for an accurate display of the sample surface. There is no possibility
of determining the size of the maximum wear of depth.
In surface imaging tests of concrete samples subjected to abrasion, in the device using the ASTM C 1138 method, an Atom Triple
Scan GOM optical scanner was installed on an industrial robot with an integrated rotary table. Thanks to the use of a 3D scanner, it
was possible to compile a map of the concrete sample surfaces. The scanner software allowed cross profiles to be made at any place
in the samples tested. Thanks to the exact depiction of the abraded concrete surfaces used, it is possible to properly assess the
concrete used in hydraulic constructions and as a repair material.
© 2018 The Authors. Published by Diamond Congress Ltd., Budapest University of Technology and Economics
Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2018.
Keywords: abrasion resistance; 3D scanner; surface damage; hydrotechnical construction; underwater method
1. Introduction
Besides static and dynamic loads, engineering objects and structures are exposed to environmental actions, which
can have significant effects on theirdurability and safety in use. The intensity of these direct actions is the basis for
categorization of the environment, taking into consideration, among others: the results of cyclic freezing and thawing
of the concrete, the influence of carbon dioxide, the action of the sodium chloride used for de-icing or contained in sea
water, as well as the chemical corrosion of concrete, which leads to the destruction of the cover of the reinforcing
steel; and abrasive wearing of the surfaces of concrete elements and structures. Hydrotechnical concrete structures are
exposed to, among other things, the erosive action of the environment caused by solid particles transported by water
(water erosion) and air (wind erosion). The concrete for making hydrotechnical structures, besides having the specified
compressive strength, should also have the highest possible wear resistance. Abrasive wearing caused by river or sea
debris, transported by water, is different from the abrasion of road pavements or airfield plates [1].
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