International Journal of Materials Engineering 2015, 5(1): 5-9
DOI: 10.5923/j.ijme.20150501.02
Effect of As-Cast Cooling on the Microstructure and
Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 7000 Series
Aluminium Alloy
Isadare D. A.
1,2
, Adeoye M. O.
2
, Adetunji A. R.
1,2
, Oluwasegun K. M.
2
,
Rominiyi A. L.
1
, Akinluwade K. J.
1,2,*
1
Department of Engineering, Prototype Engineering Development Institute Ilesa, [National Agency for Science and Engineering
Infrastructures, NASENI Abuja]
2
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Abstract This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of
age-hardened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The material was cast in the form of cylindrical rods in green sand mould where some
samples were rapidly cooled and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually cooled,
some were annealed while others were T6 tempered. Both the as-cast and heat treated samples were subjected to tensile and
hardness tests and the morphology of the resulting microstructures were characterised by optical and scanning electron
microscopy. The results revealed formation of microsegregations of MgZn
2
during gradual solidification which was not
present during rapid cooling. It was also found that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operations eliminated
microsegregations thus improving mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.
Keywords Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Microsegregation, Age hardening, Annealing, Strength
1. Introduction
The demand for aluminium grows rapidly because of its
unique combination of properties which makes it one of the
most versatile engineering and structural materials [1-3]. The
optimum properties of aluminium are achieved by alloying
and heat treatments. These promote the formation of
coherent precipitates which interfere with the movement of
dislocations and improve its mechanical properties [4-7].
One of the most commonly used aluminium alloy for
structural applications is the 7075 Al alloy due to its
attractive properties such as low density, high strength,
ductility, toughness and resistance to fatigue [8-11]. It has
been extensively utilized in aircraft structural parts and other
highly stressed parts [12-16].
Nevertheless, aluminium-zinc alloys are susceptible to
embrittlement because of microsegregation of magnesium
zinc (MgZn
2
) precipitates which may lead to failure of
components produced from them [17, 18]. These alloys are
also susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking [19, 20] due to
inhomogeneity and inherent residual stresses associated with
their fabrication methods [21]. These microsegregations and
* Corresponding author:
jakinluwade@yahoo.com (Akinluwade K. J.)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ijme
Copyright © 2015 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
inherent residual stresses have serious deleterious effects on
mechanical properties [18]. Hence, this study aims at
resolving the problems of microsegregations and inherent
residual stresses that are associated with aluminium-zinc
alloys, for improved performance in service. The aim of this
work is to investigate the influence of as-cast cooling on the
structure and mechanical properties of T6 tempered 7000
series aluminium alloy via annealing and age hardening heat
treatment processes.
2. Materials and Method
The elemental composition of the 7000 series Al alloy
used for this study is shown in Table 1. The material was cast
in the form of cylindrical rods. Some of the cast rods were
rapidly cooled to room temperature by knocking them out 5
minutes after casting while others were cooled gradually
inside the mould. Tensile samples were machined from these
categories of rods according to British Standard BSEN
10002-1:1990 [22]. Samples were also sectioned for
metallographic and micro hardness tests.
Age hardening and annealing heat treatments were carried
out on samples machined from slowly cooled castings.
Annealing was carried out on samples prepared for
metallographic analysis and hardness test. These samples
were heated to 470 °C, soaked at this temperature for 4 hours