Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 201 (1993) 103-104 103
JALCOM 725
Synthesis and structural characterization of two intercalated lithium
and sodium copper iron selenides: LiCuFeSe2 and NaCuFeSe2
J. Llanos, C. Contreras-Ortega, J. Pfiez, M. Guzmfin and C. Mujica
Departamento de Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Cat6lica del None, Casilla 1280, Antofagasta (Chile)
(Received January 28, 1993; in final form March 10, 1993)
Abstract
The not new phases LiCuFeSe2 and NaCuFeSe2 were prepared from the corresponding carbonates and CuFeSe2.
They crystallize as the isostructural sulphide phases LiCuFeS2 and NaCuFeS2 in the trigonal space group P3ml
(No. 164) in a layered Li2FeSz structure type. The Se atoms form an h.c.p, array, the copper and iron atoms
are statistically distributed in the tetrahedral sites whereas the alkali metals are placed in the octahedral sites
in the van der Waals gap.
1. Introduction
The use of transition metal sulphides as cathode
materials in lithium high energy batteries has been
intensively investigated [1--4]. Special effort has been
invested in the identification and characterization of
the lithium intercalated phases which are produced in
the cathode during the discharge process. Among the
transition metal sulphides, chalcopyrite shows very
promising properties as cathode material [5, 6]. In order
to gain a better understanding of the intercalation of
lithium into copper iron chalcogenides, we have pre-
pared LiCuFeSe2 and NaCuFeSe2 which represent the
fully discharged cathodes of the system M/M+/CuFeS2
with M---Li or Na. The crystal structure of the new
compounds was solved.
2. Experimental details
Phases of composition LiCuFeSez and NaCuFeSe2
were prepared by heating stoichiometric amounts of
Li2CO3 and Na2CO3 with CuFeSe2 at 1173 K. The
latter compound was previously prepared by heating
the elements at 973 K. The mixtures were contained
in tightly sealed graphite crucibles and held at the
reaction temperature over a period of 72 h. The X-
ray diffraction patterns of the products showed that
the materials were single phases.
3. Structure analysis
Intensity data for LiCuFeSe2 were collected on a
Syntex P1 diffractometer (Mo Ka; graphite monochrom-
ator). Cell parameters were refined from 32 centred
reflections. The intensities were measured in the to-20
scan mode and the absorption correction was done
empirically by a ~0 scan. The powder X-ray diffraction
pattern of NaCuFeSe2 was obtained with a Siemens
D-5000 diffractometer fitted with a graphite mono-
chromator and using the Cu Ka radiation (A = 1.540 57
/~) and silicon as internal standard. The evaluation of
the powder diagrams showed that the compounds are
isostructural. The lattice parameters of NaCuFeSe2 were
refined with an iterative least-squares program. In
Table 1 the crystallographic data and details of the
structure analysis of LiCuFeSe2 and of NaCuFeSe2 are
TABLE 1. Crystallographic data and details of the structure
analysis for LiCuFeSe z and NaCuFeSe 2
LiCuFeSe~ NaCuFeSe2
Crystal system Trigonal Trigonal
Space group P3m l P~3m l
a (pm) 397.1(1) 400.8(3)
c (pm) 664.6(4) 714.4(24)
Z 1 1
Volume ( × 106 pm 3) 90.78(7) 99.4(5)
/z (Mo Kct cm -1) 289.03
Diffractometer Syntex P1 Siemens D-5000
Radiation; monochromator Mo Ka; graphite Cu Ka; graphite
Scan mode to-20 20
20max 45 80
Measured intensities 172 12
Unique reflection 95
Number of refined 11
parameters
Final R; Rw 0.072; 0.061
0925-8388/93/$6.00 © 1993-Elsevier Sequoia. All rights reserved