Case Report Pancreaticopericardial Fistula: A Case Report and Literature Review Muhammad S. Khan, 1 Najmi Shahbaz, 2 Hassaan A. Zia, 3 Muhammad Hamza, 2 Henna Iqbal, 2 and Ahmed Awab 1 1 Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, No. WP1310, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA 2 Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, No. WP1310, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Muhammad S. Khan; muhammad-khan@ouhsc.edu Received 17 February 2016; Accepted 20 March 2016 Academic Editor: Kurt Lenz Copyright © 2016 Muhammad S. Khan et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purpose. Pancreaticopericardial fstula (PPF) is an extremely rare complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. Tis paper presents a rare case of PPF and provides systematic review of existing cases from 1970 to 2014. Methods. A PubMed search using key words was performed for all the cases of PPF from January 1970 to December 2014. Fourteen cases were included in the study. Te cases were reviewed for demographic characteristics, diagnostic modalities, and treatment. Descriptive analysis of these variables was performed. Results. Median age was 43 years. 78% were known alcoholics and 73.3% had chronic pancreatitis. Dyspnea was present in 78%. Cardiac tamponade was present in 53%; 75% of patients had known chronic pancreatitis (RR = 0.74). Surgery was associated with best treatment outcomes and 50% of patients who underwent endoscopic treatment survived. Conclusion. PPF is a rare disease. Tis paper indicates that acute cardiac tamponade in patients with history of alcoholism and chronic pancreatitis could be a sign of an existing pancreaticopericardial fstula and early surgical intervention could be life-saving. 1. Introduction Pancreatic pseudocyst is a known complication of pancreati- tis. Persistent leakage of pancreatic secretions can result in development of internal fstula due to spontaneous erosion into neighboring hollow viscus and cavities. Leakage from pancreatic secretions can cause signifcant morbidity due to malnutrition and infections. A fstula from pancreatic pseudocyst to pericardium is a rare complication and can present with cardiac tamponade. In this paper we describe a case of pancreaticopericardial fstula and review similar cases from 1970 to 2014. 2. Case A middle-aged African American male presented to hos- pital with complaints of shortness of breath and feeling of dizziness for 3 days. Patient had known history of alco- holism and was admitted at a rehabilitation center 3 weeks before presentation for an elective detoxifcation. His initial course at rehabilitation center was uneventful; however, 3 days before presentation he started feeling dizzy and had gradual onset dyspnea on exertion that progressed to resting dyspnea. Tis was associated with sharp 3/10 epigastric pain radiating to his chest and back, which was aggravated by deep breaths. His past medical history was also signifcant for hypertension and episodes of delirium tremens. On admission his temperature was 37 degrees Celsius and blood pressure (BP) was 96/48 mmHg afer 2-liter fuid bolus in emergency department, with pulse of 110/min, respiratory rate of 20/min, and oxygen saturation of 96% on 2 L nasal cannula. Examination was signifcant for decreased breath sounds in lung bases, increased vocal fremitus in lef lower lobe, and dullness to percussion at lung bases bilaterally. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Critical Care Volume 2016, Article ID 7169341, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7169341