International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 05 | Aug-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 402
REINFORCEMENT EFFECT OF KEVLAR FABRIC ON THE MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES OF EPOXY RESIN
Prashant Ankolekar
1
, T. T. Hawal
2
, R. J. Naik
3
, Dr. T. R. Anil
4
1
Prashant Ankolekar, M.Tech Scholar, Dept. Of Mechanical engineering, KLS’ Gogte Institute of Technology,
Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
2
T.T. Hawal, Faculty, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, KLS’s Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum, Karnataka,
3
R. J. Naik, Faculty, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, KLS’s Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum, Karnataka,
4
Dr. T. R. Faculty, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, KLS’s Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum, Karnataka,
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Abstract - In this study the effect of 10wt% Kevlar
reinforcement on the mechanical properties of the
epoxy has been evaluated. The epoxy resin used in the
current investigation was Bisphenol A. Hand layup
technique was used to prepare the composite. Results of
the mechanical properties of composites were obtained
by tensile, bending and compression tests. SEM was
used to observe reinforcement and matrix fractures.
Addition of Kevlar to the epoxy matrix led to a
noticeable increase in the mechanical properties of the
composite. A moderate rise in compression strength
was observed.
Key Words: Polymer matrix composites, Kevlar fabric,
Mechanical properties, SEM analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
Epoxy resins offer unique combination of mechanical
properties which are least formed by other thermoset
materials. Most of the PMC’s are produced using epoxy
resins as matrix due to its high mechanical properties.
Varieties of techniques are being used to improve its
mechanical properties; one of them is reinforcement of
composites which is produced by combining various
reinforcements with neat epoxy. Thus the properties of
different individual materials are contributed in a single
composite [1]. Aramid fiber such as Kevlar is very widely
used reinforcement material in current use of composites.
The high degree of toughness of the fibers made them
tolerable to failure mechanism. The failure of aramid
fibers or when they break, they do not scatter like glass
but fail by a series of small fibril failures. Most of the
energy is absorbed by these small failures and high
toughness is formed [2]. Hybridization is also an approach
to improve mechanical properties of epoxy resin. In this
combination there is a reinforcement material which has a
property by virtue of which the defect of other reinforcing
material is covered up [3].
2. EXPERIMENTAL
2.1MATERIALS
Kevlar fabric 460gsm, with thickness 1.5mm supplied
by Super safety services, Mumbai was used. The
matrix material used was an epoxy from the family of
thermoset polymers, named Bisphenol A (POLYFLEX
GR 200-30) and hardeners viz., promoter (POLYFLEX
SC 999-40), accelerator (POLYFLEX SC 999-30) and
catalyst (ANDONOX KP-9) were supplied by Naptha
Resins and Chemicals, Bangalore.
2.2 Specimen preparation:
10wt % Kevlar fabric corresponding to neat epoxy was
weighed using digital weighing machine. The fabric was
cut suitably to fit into the mold. The resin (90 wt %) was
taken in a beaker and proportionate quantity of promoter,
accelerator and catalyst were added to the epoxy resin.
Once the hardeners were added, the mixture was stirred
well using handheld electric blender. The mixture was
kept aside and was allowed to settle down so that the
bubbles rise and collapse. Two separate molds were used
for tensile/bending test and compression test respectively.
Once it was confirmed that all the bubbles were collapsed
in the resin, the moulds were sprayed with releasing agent
and a single layer of resin was slowly transferred into the
mould, avoiding any turbulence. The releasing spray was
meant for easy removal of the composite after curing.
After this, the pre-cut Kevlar fabric of 460 gsm was laid on
the layer of pre-poured resin in the mould. Rolling was
facilitated to avoid formation of voids in the composite.
Apart from assisting escaping entrapped gas, it also makes
the resin to penetrate between the Kevlar fibers and
enable thorough impregnation. Thus the porosity in the
composite was controlled which otherwise would have be