© Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden,  | doi:./- International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics  () – brill.com/jeal JEAL A Kuril Ainu Glossary by Сaptain V. M. Golovnin (1811) Anna Bugaeva Tokyo University of Science/NINJAL Tokyo, Japan bugaeva@rs.tus.ac.jp Tomomi Satō Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan tomomis@let.hokudai.ac.jp Abstract This paper presents a newly discovered glossary (230 items) of Northern and Southern Kuril Ainu recorded by the captain Vasily Mikhaylovich Golovnin in 1811 and stored at the Russian National Archive of the Navy in St. Petersburg. Based on this new document we argue that Southern Kuril has a much closer lexical resemblance to Northeastern Hokkaido Ainu than Northern Kuril. On the other hand, we reaffirm that both Southern and Northern Kuril Ainu constitute a really separate Kuril group because they show a number of lexical, phonological and grammatical features, which are different from Hokkaido Ainu. Keywords Northern Kuril Ainu – Southern Kuril Ainu – Hokkaido Ainu – Vasily Mikhaylovich Golovnin – glossary – dialectology – philology