JOBIMB, 2021, Vol 9, No 2, 1-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v9i2.604 - 1 - This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The Use of Plants, Nanotechnology and Surfactants in Lindane Remediation: A Mini Review Garba Uba 1* and Abdussamad M. Baba 2 1 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, College of Science and Technology, Jigawa State Polytechnic, Dutse, PMB 7040, Nigeria. 2 Department of Biology, Aminu Kano College of Islamic Legal Studies, Kano, Nigeria. *Corresponding author: Garba Uba Department of Science Laboratory Technology, College of Science and Technology, Jigawa State Polytechnic, Dutse, PMB 7040 Email: garbauba@jigpoly.edu.ng INTRODUCTION This hazard to human and environmental health has grown significantly during the past few decades. Because to contamination in the soil, billions of acres of otherwise productive land remain uncultivated. It is, however, costly and disruptive to the soil to use standard remediation methods to clean up polluted property [1]. Natural and cost-effective treatment of polluted soil using phytoremediation is an intriguing option. Using green plants to remove organic contaminants, harmful heavy metals, or excess minerals from polluted soil or water is a new developing technique [2]. A lot of the current soil-cleansing methods in use today are highly expensive. Soil cleaning costs around $250 per cubic yard, whereas incineration to remove explosives costs around $1,020 per cubic yard [3]. Since phytoremediation is estimated to cost $80 per cubic yard, it is clear why this approach has received so much attention. In many cases, traditional remediation methods have proved impracticable or prohibitively expensive, making phytoremediation a more viable option for hazardous waste removal [4]. There are several toxins that may be remedied by phytoremediation, including various metals and organic pollutants. Unlike typical soil remediation methods, phytoremediation requires no particular training or equipment, allowing it to be employed on nearly any contaminated site [5]. An additional benefit of phytoremediation is its ability to decrease the volume of waste that must be removed[6]. Removing the soil up to a certain depth and putting it in a hazardous landfill is a standard treatment for areas polluted with heavy metals [7]. The environment is severely impacted by this procedure. Harvesting and burning plants that absorb heavy metals results in just a tiny percentage of the soil mass or volume that would have been eliminated, while creating a minimum environmental disturbance. Consequently [3]. It is less harmful to the ecosystem to employ plants to clean the soil rather than chemicals, as the topsoil is still productive. By establishing ground cover on polluted locations, this approach reduces the danger of exposure to potentially harmful substances by wind and water erosion [8]. Although phytoremediation has significant benefits over traditional soil remediation procedures, there are certain limits to consider when comparing them to conventional soil remediation methods. When a substantial amount of pollution is present in the soil, it may be necessary to grow a large number of crops in order to completely eliminate it [9]. This might take several years to HISTORY Received: 14 th Oct 2021 Received in revised form: 2 nd Dec 2021 Accepted: 20 th Dec 202 ABSTRACT Lindane is an organochlorine chemical and an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies. Lindane accumulates in the agricultural soil and plants thereby causing environmental and health deteriorative effects. A lot of soil remediation methods used are highly expensive and require a lot of expertise. Phytoremediation (rhizofiltration, phytostabilization), which involve the use of the plant to stabilize or remove environmental toxicants is presently much in use because of its cost-effectiveness and ecological friendliness. Adsorption has emerged as the most efficient, easy, and promising nanotechnology method of wastewater treatment out of the several approaches now employed. Recently, biosurfactants are used for the production of nanoparticles which will be further applied in the area of pesticide remediation. The use of phytoremediation is the most important fully green approach as no new chemicals are added to the polluted soil. Other emerging technologies where phytoremediation might not be applicable especially groundwater has begun to evaluate the use of green nanobiotechnology. KEYWORDS Plants Phytoremediation Nanotechnology Surfactants Lindane Remediation JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Website: http://journal.hibiscuspublisher.com/index.php/JOBIMB/index JOBIMB VOL 9 NO 2 2021 S. aureus in sachet water