Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (1999) 14, 1219–1222
aftertaste and oily texture are disliked by most
patients.
2,9–11
There are very few prospective studies
analysing the efficacy of castor oil for colonoscopy in
the literature.
12
Whether castor oil is more likely to
cause abdominal cramping, dehydration and electrolyte
disturbance is unclear. Magnesium citrate, a saline
laxative, can induce retention of fluid in the small bowel
because of its osmotic effect.
13
This fluid then enters the
proximal colon and flushes the faecal materials from the
colon. A bowel evacuant kit (magnesium citrate oral
solution, phenolphthalein tablets and a bisacodyl sup-
pository) was reported to have the same cleansing effi-
cacy, and induce less discomfort, when compared with
castor oil used for colonic examinations.
10
It is also
INTRODUCTION
A clean colon preparation prior to endoscopy or X-ray
examination is essential to obtain an accurate diagno-
sis, as residual faecal material may hide colonic lesions,
such as early colon carcinoma and polyps.
1
Moreover,
an inadequate colon preparation often requires repeated
examination, which results in inconvenience and cost to
the patients. The various colon cleansing regimens
include castor oil, magnesium citrate, bisacodyl tablets,
senna extract, mannitol, polyethylene glycol lavage and
others.
2–8
Castor oil, which acts on both the small and
large intestines, is commonly employed as a preparation
for radiological examination and colonoscopy, but its
3-D ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND BETTER
COLONOSCOPIC PREPARATION
Magnesium citrate–bisacodyl regimen proves better than castor oil
for colonoscopic preparation
CHUN-CHIA CHEN,WAI-WAH NG, FULL-YOUNG CHANG AND SHOU-DONG LEE
Division of Gastroenterology,Veterans General Hospital-Taipei and National Yang-Ming University School of
Medicine,Taipei,Taiwan
Abstract
Background: A clean colon preparation prior to endoscopy or X-ray examination is essential to obtain
an accurate diagnosis. In order to determine which of two easily made preparations is better, this study
compares colon cleansing efficacy, patient acceptance and side effects in patients given either a mag-
nesium citrate–bisacodyl or a castor oil regimen prior to colonoscopy.
Methods: Seventy outpatients scheduled for colonoscopy were randomized to receive one of two bowel
evacuation regimens on the day prior to the examination. Group 1 (n = 36) received a magnesium citrate
solution (250 mL) and bisacodyl (10 mg, orally). Group 2 (n = 34) received castor oil (60 mL, orally).
Results: The cleansing effect of the magnesium citrate–bisacodyl regimen was significantly better than
that of castor oil in the ascending colon and caecum (cleansing scores 5.2 ± 1.2 vs 3.5 ± 1.3, P < 0.0001),
but similar to that of castor oil in the recto-sigmoid, descending and transverse colon. Abdominal pain
(38 vs 11%, P < 0.01) and nausea (29 vs 8%, P < 0.05) were significantly more common in patients
receiving the castor oil preparation than in patients administered with the magnesium citrate–bisacodyl
regimen. More patients complained of poor acceptance with the castor oil regimen than with the mag-
nesium citrate–bisacodyl regimen (24 vs 8%, P = 0.06).
Conclusions: A combined oral magnesium citrate and bisacodyl regimen is effective and better than
castor oil for colonoscopic preparation.
© 1999 Blackwell Science Asia Pty Ltd
Key words: bisacodyl, castor oil, colonoscopy, magnesium citrate.
Correspondence: Dr F-Y Chang, Division of Gastroenterology,Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai
Road,Taipei 11217,Taiwan. Email: changfy@vghtpe.gov.tw.
Accepted for publication: 5 July 1999.