et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License -NonCommercial-
ShareAlike Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
Application of Mentha suaveolens essential oil as an antimicrobial
agent in fresh turkey sausages
Abdelaziz Ed-Dra
1
, Fouzia Rhazi Filai
1
*, Mohamed Bou-Idra
2
, Badr Zekkori
2
, Aziz Bouymajane
1
, Najia Moukrad
1
,
Faouzia Benhallam
1
, Amar Bentayeb
2
1
Department of Biology, Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of
Sciences, BP. 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco,
2
Department of Chemistry , Team of Physical-Chemistry of Condensed Matter, Moulay Ismail University, Faculty
of Sciences, BP. 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Mentha suaveolens essential oil against pathogenic
bacteria in fresh turkey sausages. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. The antibacterial activity was
carried out by agar diffusion and microplates methods against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Streptococcus faecalis. The antioxidant activity was carried
out by ferric reducing antioxidant power and free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl.
The antimicrobial effect on sausages was conducted by the enumeration of S. aureus and E. coli during the storage
period of fresh sausages manufactured with different concentrations of essential oil. The results showed that the
essential oil of M. suaveolens has an antibacterial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in
addition to its antioxidant activity (EC
50
= 3.95 ± 0.03 mg/mL and IC
50
= 3.11 ± 0.02 mg/mL). Moreover, the addition
of essential oil to fresh sausages has a significant effect against the tested pathogenic bacteria. The present data
clearly demonstrate that the essential oil of M. suaveolens has a remarkable antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
and can be used as a food additive to extend the shelf life of food products.
1. INTRODUCTION
Sausage is a processed meat product, consists of chopped meat, water,
binders, and seasonings, stuffed into natural or artificial casings. Its
manufacture involves a number of handling steps, which increase
the chances of its contamination by pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia
coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella…) through the
contaminated raw meat, ingredients, processing equipment, and from
postprocessing contamination [1]. These pathogens have also been
detected in raw meat and have been shown to survive certain sausage
manufacturing processes [2-4]; also, they are implicated in a large
number of foodborne diseases outbreaks [5,6]. Moreover, the fresh
sausage does not undergo heat treatment and has a high water activity
giving it a short shelf life and subjecting it directly to the action of the
microorganisms.
The manufacturers of sausages use the synthetic food conservatives
to extend its shelf life, but these latter are limited in several countries
because of their undesirable effects on health. For this reason, the
use of natural additives is a primordial perspective to improve the
bacteriological and organoleptic quality of food. Furthermore, the use
of aromatic plants is a best choice with double effects; it contributes to
the valorization of plant heritage of the regions threatened by poverty
and provides the biological substances capable of replacing artificial
ones. Some studies have shown that the treatment of sausages with
essential oils makes it possible to inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic
bacteria and to extend the shelf life of this product [7-9].
In Morocco, the Aromatic and Medicinal Plants sector records a
sharp socioeconomic growth in recent years. It is one of the richest
phytobiological fields in the world due to its diversity: 4200 species
of plants including 800 endemics among them 382 species are
known for their medicinal and/or aromatic use [10,11]. The genus
Mentha is one of the important elements of Lamiaceae family; it is
represented by 19 species and 13 natural hybrids [12]. Among its
species include Mentha suaveolens which located in North Africa,
Europe, America, and Japan [13]. This plant has a wide range of
benefits: Analgesic, stomachic, choleretic, tonic, carminative action,
antispasmodic, hypotensive, sedative, insecticide, anti-inflammatory,
hepatoprotective, antimicrobials, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine
Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology Vol. 6(1), pp. 7-12, Jan-Feb, 2018
Available online at http://www.jabonline.in
DOI: 10.7324/JABB.2018.60102
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received on: June 20, 2017
Accepted on: September 23, 2017
Available online: January 17, 2018
Key words:
Mentha suaveolens,
Essential oil,
Antibacterial activity,
Food preservation,
Fresh sausage
*Corresponding Author
Fouzia Rhazi Filai,
Team of Microbiology and Health,
Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment,
Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences,
BP. 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco.
Tel: +212664488238.
Email: Fouzia.filali@yahoo.fr
© 2018 Abdelaziz Ed-Dra,