SPECIAL ARTICLE Current Scope of Practice for Newborn Care in Non-Intensive Hospital Settings Esther K. Chung, MD, MPH, a E. Kaye Gable, MD, b W. Christopher Golden, MD, c Jennifer A. Hudson, MD, d Nicole M. Hackman, MD, e Jennifer P. Andrews, MD, f DeeAnne S. Jackson, MD, MPH, g Jessica B. Beavers, MD, f Dipti R. Mirchandani, MD, h Ann Kellams, MD, i Meredith E. Krevitsky, DO, h Kimberly Monroe, MD, MS, j Diane J. Madlon-Kay, MD, MS, k William Stratbucker, MD, MS, l Deborah Campbell, MD, m Jolene Collins, MD, n Daniel Rauch, MD o The scope of practice for newborn care in nonintensive hospital settings is ever changing, with obstetric care advances, shorter length of stay (LOS), and increased family-centered care. 1 In response to the US Surgeon General’ s call to support breastfeeding and Baby Friendly USA, more infants receive care in their mothers’ rooms. 2,3 Newborn clinicians require skills including diagnostic expertise and critical thinking, adaptability and sensitivity, and an understanding of this critical period of infant bonding. They also require leadership skills to manage hospital policies and link families with targeted community resources. This overview is based on the experience and research of a working group of the Academic Pediatric Association Newborn Nursery Special Interest Group (NN SIG), which consists of medical directors and physicians with expertise in newborn care from across the United States. The workgroup consisted of 17 newborn physicians ranging from young faculty to full professors at urban and rural academic and community hospitals in 17 cities and a Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; b Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina and Cone Health, Greensboro, North Carolina; c Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; d Department of Pediatrics, Greenville Health System, Greenville, South Carolina; e Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; f Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; g Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; h Department of Pediatrics, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York and Cohen Children’ s Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, New York; i Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia; j Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children’ s Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; k Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota; l Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University and Helen DeVos Children’ s Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan; m Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York and Children’ s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York; n Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Children’ s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and o Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst, New York www.hospitalpediatrics.org DOI:https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2016-0206 Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics Address correspondence to Esther K. Chung, MD, MPH, Nemours DuPont Pediatrics–Philadelphia, 833 Chestnut St, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107. E-mail: echung@nemours.org HOSPITAL PEDIATRICS (ISSN Numbers: Print, 2154-1663; Online, 2154-1671). FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: The authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. FUNDING: No external funding. POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr Chung organized and attended all 7 planning meetings, oversaw the entire manuscript, assisted in the writing of each section (including the 2 tables), compiled the initial draft, and critically reviewed and finalized the manuscript; Dr Gable attended 5 of 7 planning meetings, drafted the initial abstract and introduction sections, contributed to Table 2, helped edit and revise several sections, and critically reviewed the manuscript; Dr Golden attended all 7 planning meetings, led the writing of the Hyperbilirubinemia and Newborn Infections sections, and contributed to Table 2; Dr Hudson attended 6 of 7 planning meetings, led the writing of the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Newborn Bedside Surgical Procedures sections, and contributed to Table 2; Dr Hackman attended all 7 planning meetings, led the writing of the Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Infant Feeding and Nutrition sections, and contributed to Table 2; Dr Andrews attended 5 of 7 planning meetings, led the writing of the Late Preterm Infant section, and contributed to writing of Tables 1 and 2; Dr Jackson attended 5 of 7 planning meetings, led the writing of the Newborn Screening and Anticipatory Guidance sections, and contributed to the Neonatal Hypoglycemia section; Dr Beavers attended 6 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Late Preterm Infant sections; Dr Mirchandani attended 5 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Clinicians Providing Direct Medical Care to Newborns and Newborn Bedside Surgical Procedure sections; Dr Kellams attended 5 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Infant Feeding and Nutrition section and Table 1; Dr Krevitsky attended 5 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Clinicians Providing Direct Medical Care to Newborns and Late Preterm Infant sections; Dr Monroe attended 5 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Infant Feeding and Nutrition and Newborn Infections sections and Table 2; Dr Madlon-Kay attended 5 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Hyperbilirubinemia and Newborn Bedside Surgical Procedure sections; Dr Stratbucker attended 6 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the writing of the Hyperbilirubinemia and Newborn Infections sections; Dr Campbell attended 5 of 7 planning meetings, contributed to the writing of the Clinicians Providing Direct Medical Care to Newborns, Newborn Screening, and Anticipatory Guidance sections, and co-led the writing of Table 1; Dr Collins attended 4 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the Newborn Screening and Anticipatory Guidance sections; Dr Rauch attended 3 of 7 planning meetings and contributed to the Newborn Screening and Anticipatory Guidance sections; and all authors approved the final and revised manuscript as submitted. 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