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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(4): 914-918
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.03
TPI 2018; 7(4): 914-918
© 2018 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 17-02-2018
Accepted: 19-03-2018
Amit A Kulthe
Department of Food Science and
Technology, Mahatma Phule
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri,
Maharashtra, India
Suresh S Thorat
Department of Food Science and
Technology, Mahatma Phule
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri,
Maharashtra, India
Amol P Khapre
Rajiv Gandhi College of Food
Technology, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Correspondence
Amit A Kulthe
Department of Food Science and
Technology, Mahatma Phule
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri,
Maharashtra, India
Effects of different packaging materials on the sensory
characteristics of β-carotene enriched pearl millet
based cookies during storage
Amit A Kulthe, Suresh S Thorat and Amol P Khapre
Abstract
In present investigation, an attempt was made to utilize microencapsulated β-carotene and pearl millet
flour in formulation of nutrient rich cookies. The storage stability of cookies as influenced by different
packaging materials, viz. low density polyethylene (LDPE-25μ), high density polyethylene (HDPE-25μ)
and aluminium laminated pouches (20μ) was evaluated at ambient conditions. Cookies were evaluated
for their sensory characteristics and β-carotene retention during storage. There was decrease in sensory
quality characteristics during storage irrespective of package at varying range. Also the β-carotene
retention was affected by packaging material. A gradual decrease in β-carotene of cookies from 2.56 to
2.17 mg/100g was observed for 180 days of storage. Aluminium laminated and HDPE pouches were
found well suitable packaging materials. A serving of these cookies provided 0.68 mg (85 RE) of the β-
carotene.
Keywords microencapsulated β-carotene; pearl millet; cookies, storage studies; β-carotene retention
Introduction
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the major nutritional deficiencies affecting the
population in developing countries. Prevalence of VAD in India is one of the highest in the
world. In India, 62 % of pre-school children are vitamin A deficient, having serum retinol
concentrations lower that 20 µg/dL (Singh, 2014)
[24]
. Β-carotene is the principal precursor of
vitamin A which theoretically possesses 50 % Vitamin A activity (Delgado Vargas et al.,
2000)
[6]
. The high degree of unsaturation in β-carotene structure renders it extremely
susceptible to oxygen (Maa et al., 1998)
[16]
. Microencapsulation, being one of the best ways
for retaining the stability of β-carotene.
With the increasing knowledge of the positive functions of β-carotene, more and more people
take interest in some foods or pharmaceuticals containing β-carotene ingredients, such as
beverages, baked goods, oils, capsules and tablets. Lipid-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A,
β-carotene and vitamins D, E or K are much easier to encapsulate than water-soluble
ingredients (Kowalski et al., 2000)
[13]
.
Also the higher utilization and nutritional significance of cookies is well recognized for
enrichment with high quality non-wheat flours. Nevertheless, the utilization of millets is
limited due to the presence of various anti-nutrients. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L) is
recognized as being the most widely grown of all the millet types. It is the basic staple food in
the poorest countries and used by the poorest people. Nutritionally, it makes an important
contribution to human diet due to high levels of calcium, iron, zinc, lipids and high quality
proteins. It contains vitamin A typically about 24 Retinol Equivalents (Taylor, 2004). The
beneficial attribute of pearl millet flour (PMF) due to its complementary mineral pattern to that
of wheat minerals has led to worldwide attempts to enrich bakery products using PMF.
Hence, the present investigation was carried out to standardize the storage stability of
microencapsulated β-carotene incorporated pearl millet based cookies as affected by different
packaging materials. Also the study emphasizes the contribution of β-carotene from these
cookies.
Materials and Methods
Materials: The pearl millet var., Dhanshakti (ICTP 8203 Fe 10-2) was procured from
Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Dhule, Mahatma Phule Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.