8 Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics - Vol.7, No.4, Dec 2020 Impaired Spiritual Health and Social Cohesion: Explaining the Effects of Kharg Oil Terminal Bureaucracy on the Life of the Natives Received 24 Apr 2020; Accepted 19 Oct 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jhsme.7.4.8 Ghanbar Omrani 1 , Hassan Malaekeh 2* , Saeed Mirtorabi 3 1 Islamic Azad University Shahreza Branch, Phd Student. 2 Assistant Professor of Political Science,Islamic Azad University Shahreza Branch, Isfahan, Iran. 3 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Introduction il as a strategic commodity has been inextricably linked to our country's economic development in the last hundred years; moreover, it has affected other aspects of development as well. The First and Second Pahlavi Governments relied on oil revenues to plan for transformation and development in society within the dominant single-product economy at that time (1) (2). In so doing, oil replaced the resources from other economic activities, such as agriculture and native industries. The substantial oil revenues enabled the government to achieve its objectives without the support of the nation (3). In this regard, the relative industrial development in 1953-1978 was largely due to the dominant role of government backed by oil revenues (3). Oil, along with natural gas, replaced coal and bring about fundamental changes to people's O Please Cite This Article As: Omrani G, Malaekeh H, Mirtorabi S. Impaired Spiritual Health and Social Cohesion: Explaining the Effects of Kharg Oil Terminal Bureaucracy on the Life of the Natives. Health Spiritual Med Ethics. 2020;7(4):8-15. Abstract Background and Objectives: Crude oil is the most important exported product and a major pillar of national economic development. The majority of Iran's crude oil exports are shipped from the Kharg oil terminal, which has required the establishment of massive oil facilities and related bureaucratic institutions on Kharg Island. Nonetheless, regardless of its economic benefits for the country, it is necessary to study the effects of this terminal on the life of island residents from different dimensions. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the cultural and social consequences of bureaucratic activities of this company from the experts' perspective. Methods: In this qualitative research, the needed data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The participants included knowledgeable people with the most accurate and useful information about the subject of the research. Their views were obtained, and the data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. Results: The initial codes were extracted from the data, and after refining and classifying them, 24 concepts were identified which finally fell into five categories. Accordingly, the reduced spiritual health and disintegration of social cohesion among the native residents of Kharg were identified as the major cultural and social consequence of the facilities and oil terminal of Kharg Island. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, it can be concluded that the merely economic and technological outlook on development and modernity is insufficient. Disregard for the cultural and social dimensions of modernity leaves adverse traces on people's lives. Therefore, it is indispensable that these dimensions be taken into account in a comprehensive and balanced way to avoid the risks of such measures. Keywords: Bureaucracy, Kharg, Oil, Qualitative Content Analysis, Social Cohesion, Spiritual Health. Original Article Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics. 2020;7(4):8-15 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License *Correspondence: Should be addressed to Dr. Hassan Malaekeh. Email: malaekeh@iaush.ac.ir