Research in Higher Education, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1990
PRICE RESPONSE 1N
ENROLLMENT DECISIONS:
An Analysis of the High School and
Beyond Sophomore Cohort
Edward P. St. John
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Most research on student price response was conducted on students who entered
college before the Pell Grant program was implemented in fall 1973. This study uses the
High S¢hool and Beyond Sophomore ¢ohort, the High School Class of t982, to analyze
the effects of the amount of tuition charged and aid offered on student enrollment
decisions. The findings include (1) all forms of financial aid--grants, work, and
Ioans--were effective in promoUng enrollment; (2) one hundred dollars of aid (any type)
had a stronger influence on enrotlment than a one-hundred-dollar reduction in tuition; (3)
Iow-in¢ome students were more responsive to increases in grant aid than to increases in
loan$ or work study; and (4) high-income students were not responsive to changes in aid
amounts.
Student price response is a wide]y discussed issue in higher educafion, yet
there is very little recent research on how price changes--tuition or financial aid
awards--influence enrollment decisions. Most of the student demand studies
reviewed in widely read meta analyses (e.g., Jackson and Weathersby, 1978;
McPherson, 1978; and Leslie and Brinkman, 1988) cornpared findings from
studies of students who entered college before the Pell Grant program was
implemented. Many of these studies did not even consider the influence of
student aid, but instead focused exclusively on tuition. And there has been very
little reseärch on student price response using more recent data. And the one
recent, national, cross-sectional study that explicitly examined student price
response (Schwartz, 1985) used estimated tuition charges and loan eligibility
rather than actual amounts, an approach to price-response research that is
Edward P. St. John, Associate Professor, Department of FAucadonal Leadership and Foundations,
University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA.
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