Accepted Manuscript Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US. Drug resistance mutations among South African children living with HIV on WHO-recommended ART regimens Stephanie Hackett 1 , Chloe A. Teasdale 2,3,4 , Sherri Pals 1 , Anthony Muttiti 3 , Mary Mogashoa 5 , Joy Chang 1 , Clement Zeh 1 , Artur Ramos 6 , Emilia D. Rivadeneira 1 , Joshua DeVos 1 , Katrina Sleeman 1 , Elaine J. Abrams 3,4,7 1 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, New York, NY USA 3 ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA 4 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA 5 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa 6 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Maputo, Mozambique. 7 Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA Corresponding author contact: Stephanie Hackett PA-C, MPH, MMSc, Pediatric and Adolescent HIV team, Maternal and Child Health Branch, Division of Global HIV and TB, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, Email: ohg5@cdc.gov, Work Cell: (404) 901- 1168; Office: (404)718-6187 Summary: Among a cohort of HIV-positive ART-naïve infants and children initiating WHO- recommended first-line ABC/3TC/LPV/r and ABC/3TC/EFV, high rates of drug resistance were seen at 12-24 months and more children retained at least two effective ARVs on ABC/3TC/LPV/r than those on ABC/3TC/EFV. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa1068/5878919 by guest on 05 September 2020