Future Human Image, Volume 15, 2021 4 Media Literacy and its Role in Countering Hybrid Warfare (the Case of Ukraine) Isabela de Andrade Gama 1 Ph.D., Pontifcal Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) E-mail: isabela_a_g@hotmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-2752 Wiktor Możgin 2 Jagiellonian University in Kraków (Kraków, Poland) E-mail: wiktor.mozgin@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5744-8103 de Andrade Gama, Isabela and Wiktor Możgin (2021) Media Literacy and its Role in Countering Hybrid Warfare (the Case of Ukraine). Future Human Image, Volume 15, 4-13. https://doi.org/10.29202/fhi/15/1 The vast majority of contemporary conficts between states are of a hybrid nature. This is due to the complexity of processes taking place in the international arena. One aspect of the hybrid nature of conficts is the issue of information warfare. The Ukrainian-Russian confict, which has lasted since 2014, contains all the attributes of a hybrid confict. Understanding and a thorough analysis of the relations between these countries require the atomization of the scope of the concept of hybrid war and its individual fragments. The authors of this article focus on the issue of information warfare carried out by the Russian Federation in relation to Ukraine and the issue of media literacy in the educational sphere as a tool aimed at counteracting this type of destructive policy by the Kremlin. Keywords: hybrid war, information warfare, Russian propaganda, media literacy, information education strategies Received: 5 March 2021 / Accepted: 2 April 2021 / Published: 25 April 2021 © de Andrade Gama, Isabela, 2021 © Możgin, Wiktor, 2021