1 Plant Archives Vol. 20, Supplement 2, 2020 pp. 1165-1168 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 EVALUATION OF SERUM REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE IN IRAQI OBESE/OBESE-HYPERTENSION FEMALES Yasser M. Taay and Mustafa Taha Mohammed* Chemistry Department, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq *Corresponding author Email: dr.mustafa@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq Abstract Obesity is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin that associated strongly with the development of hypertension. Our study designed to estimate the oxidative stress in both healthy obese and those with hypertension by measuring the serum level of ROS and GPx. the study comprises 90 subject, divided as 30 healthy control, 30 healthy obese, and 30 obese with hypertension. The age of individuals was (18-72) years old with no significant differences in means, P>0.05. ROS mean of healthy obese (154.62 ± 36.02 IU/mL) was significantly higher than controls (85.17 ± 18.71 IU/mL) and the highest value obtained for obese with hypertension (195.93 ± 36.78 IU/mL) p<0.001. GPx on the contrary showed a significant decreasing in the obese (33.18 ± 19.58 ng/mL) compared with controls (69.23 ± 17.73 ng/mL) and the lowest value obtained for obese with hypertension (14.91 ± 7.01 ng/mL), p<0.001. Thus, obesity induces oxidative stress in females on its own, and the incidence of hypertension leads to raise the level of oxidants. Keywords : Obesity, oxidative stress, ROS, GPx. Introduction Obesity is a disease describe a case of excessive accumulation of body fats (Park et al., 2014). Basically obesity arise from the imbalance between intake and expended energy (Bluher, 2019). Besides the behavioral factor obesity also arise from the interaction of psychological, cellular, metabolic, molecular, and social factors (Fernández-Sánchez et al., 2011). The prevalence of obesity has become worldwide in a rates increases in all ages, ethnicities, and both sexes, obesity along with overweight, extended to almost a third of the population of the world nowadays (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019). According to world health organization (WHO) obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg.m -2 or greater (Williams, Mesidor, Winters, Dubbert, & Wyatt, 2015). Another way for indicates obesity, central obesity, is waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio (McCarthy, Ellis, & Cole, 2003; Mushtaq et al., 2011). They gave a detection for fat distribution unlike BMI which indicates the overall obesity (Chan, Rimm, Colditz, Stampfer, & Willett, 1994; Kobo, Leiba, Avizohar, & Karban, 2019; Lazarus, Sparrow, & Weiss, 1997). Obesity is linked to the morbidity of human health, by developing cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart diseases, and various cancers (Amirkhizi et al., 2010; Calle & Kaaks, 2004; Verkouter et al., 2019). Obese people have shown an increasing of the likelihood of having hypertension by 3.5 folds, on the other hand, it has been estimated that 60-70 percent of hypertension could be attributed to obesity (Shibao, 2012). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a term comprises all oxygen radicals (e.g., hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, peroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, etc.) and certain non-radical oxygen centered molecules that easily converted into oxygen radicals (e.g., hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide and ozone) (Ghosh, Das, Chaffee, Roy, & Sen, 2018). ROS considered as a main mediators of redox signaling, also regarding to their reactivity, ROS can react with other cellular components such as lipid and DNA, hence causing a damage (de Lucca Camargo & Touyz, 2019). Excessive production of ROS disturbs the redox homeostasis and leads to oxidative stress (He et al., 2017). Against these oxidants, the cells have evolved an antioxidant defense system which help to neutralize the oxidants in a physiological conditions (Bondia-Pons, Ryan, & Martinez, 2012). Endogenous antioxidants divided into enzymatic such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) (Liguori et al., 2018) and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), bilirubin, uric acid, etc. (Rizzo et al., 2010). Any disturbance in the favor of oxidants (increasing in the oxidants or decreasing in the antioxidants) leads to the appearance of oxidative stress (de Barboza, Guizzardi, Moine, & de Talamoni, 2017). Materials and Methods Subjects The study included three groups control (A), healthy obese (B), and obese with hypertension (C). Thirty healthy females were collected as controls for the study from Mustansiriyah University, as well as thirty females of each of the remaining groups were collected from AL-Kindy Obesity Research and Therapy Unit. The ages of the samples were between (18-72) years old. The laboratory side of the study was performed at the laboratory of biochemistry research in the department of chemistry science, Mustansiriyah University. Sample collection Blood samples were collected from the individuals in a period of 12 hour fasting. A plastic disposable 5mL syringe was used for venipunctures and blood drawn slowly. Then the blood was translocated into gel tube and left for 10 min at room temperature to clot. Blood samples then centrifuged at 3000g for 10 min and the obtained serum stored in three Eppendorf tubes at -70 ºC until analysis. Anthropometric measurements was obtained also from the participants including height, weight, and waist circumference.