International Journal of Advances in Medicine | January 2022 | Vol 9 | Issue 1 Page 10
International Journal of Advances in Medicine
Ghosh T et al. Int J Adv Med. 2022 Jan;9(1):10-14
http://www.ijmedicine.com
pISSN2349-3925 | eISSN2349-3933
Original Research Article
Correlation between neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio and outcomes
of severe traumatic head injury
Tamajyoti Ghosh*, Subir Dey
INTRODUCTION
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical public health
and socioeconomic problem throughout the world.
1-3
TBI
is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects
all societies around the world. More than 10 million
people worldwide suffer TBI serious enough to result in
death or hospitalization each year NLCR is a marker of
inflammatory response of the body.
4
It can thus be
utilised as a clinical marker in judging the severity of
outcome following traumatic brain injury. In India
reported incidence of TBI is 55-120 per 100000
population.
5,6
A study from tertiary care institute has
reported that the occurrence of TBI is approximately
42.5% in rural and 57.5% in urban area.
7
According to
WHO data, by the year 2020, head trauma will be third
largest killer in the developing world. In India studies by
traffic police have shown that on an average one person
dies every six min and 70% of these attributed to head
and spinal trauma.
8
Road traffic accidents account for 45-
60 per cent of traumatic brain injuries in different parts of
India.
9
While primary brain injury is irreversible,
secondary damage-consequent to neuronal dysfunction
related to trauma induced oxidative stress, ischemia,
ABSTRACT
Background: Raised peripheral neutrophil lymphocyte ratio is associated with poorer outcomes in conditions such as
severe brain injury, ICH, cardiovascular conditions, cancer.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 96 severe Traumatic Brain injury data treated at our institute over a period of 1
year. The patients were followed up for a period of at least 1 month. The primary outcome of the study was 1 month
GOS and the various variables which may be associated with the poor GOS at 1 month follow up. Model based
analysis was done for NLCR <24 hrs at 48 hrs and GCS at the time of presentation and discriminative ability of the
models were studied by the Area under the curve.
Results: Univariate analysis were done of 96 patients of severe traumatic brain injury for various variables such as
age, sex, mode of head injury, type of head injury, presenting GCS and NLCR at 24 hrs and 48 hrs to that of GOS at 1
month follow up. Initial GCS <7 (p=0.0138) with AUC=0.6689 and peak NLCR (<24 hr) of > 9.6 (AUC=0.931) with
a p value of <0.001 with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 79.27% and peak NLCR (48 hrs) of >12.4 (AUC=
0.973) with a p value of <0.001 with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 89.02% were associated with unfavourable
outcome.
Conclusions: High NLCR and initial poor GCS are independent unfavourable prognostic factors in 1 month GOS
following severe traumatic head injury.
Keywords: Head Injury, Neutrophil Lymphocyte count ratio, Glasgow outcome score, Glasgow coma scale
Department of Neurosurgery, Armed Forces, Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Received: 30 September 2021
Revised: 17 November 2021
Accepted: 18 November 2021
*Correspondence:
Dr. Tamajyoti Ghosh,
E-mail: tamajyoti@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214873