Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Sciences 2018, Volume 6, Issue 1, Page No: 381-391 Copyright CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Available Online at: www.jrmds.in eISSN No. 2347-2367: pISSN No. 2347-2545 Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 6 | Issue 1 | February 2018 381 Study of α-Amylase Inhibitors among Different Bean Cultivars and Evaluation of their Effectiveness Compared with a Commercial Product using In Vitro/In Vivo Experimental Systems Fatemeh Ghorbani 1, 2 , Masoud Sadeghi 1 , Abbas Aghaie 3 , Arezou Ghahghaei 2 , Cyrus Jalili 1, 4 *, Reza Khodarahmi 1, 5 * 1 Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran 3 Department of Epidemiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 4 School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 5 School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran DOI: 10.5455/jrmds.20186162 ABSTRACT Plant alpha-amylase inhibitors (αAIs) are great potential tools to manipulate resistance of crop plants against pests. They can be also considered as drug-design aims for remedy of diabetes and digestion disorder. In this study, extract of Phaseolusvulgaris L. (Red, Pinto, White and Cowpea Beans) was investigated. The rich part of αAI was almost purified by ethanol fractionation, and then studied in reaction with pancreatic α-amylase in vitro. The study of thermal stability, hemagglutination and measurement of the inhibitory activity of extracts of Red, Pinto, white and Cowpea beans were investigated. Also, an in vivo assay (acute and chronic) over 21 days performed (acute and chronic). Among the αAIs extracted from the beans that were loaded at the same concentration, the α-amylase extracted from White beans (lane C) had the highest match with peptide fractions 14 and 18 kDa and two fractions around 27 to 32 kDa. All fractions of common bean extract showed inhibitory activity. The White beans, Red beans, and Pinto beans extract revealed high inhibitory activity, similar to each other against pancreatic α-amylase. After 21 days of treatment, group 3 showed significant decreases in blood glucose level, compared to positive control. Length of the small intestine in group 1, over 21 days, significantly reduced relative to the negative control, but in group 4, the reduction was lower relative to negative control. The high inhibitory activity of fraction 3 from the beans showed that the ethanol fractionation is the proper techniques to (partially) purify the αAI from Pharsalus vulgarised. The results of this study have reported that the fraction 3, extracted from White beans, can be considered as raw material for pharmaceutical preparation of αAI to control the levels of glycemia, after successful optimizing formulation conditions to increase the half-life of the product. Key words: α-Amylase Inhibitor, Phaseolus vulgaris , Carbo Blocker, Blood Glucose Level, Body Weight HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Fatemeh Ghorbani, Masoud Sadeghi, Abbas Aghaie, Arezou Ghahghaei, Cyrus Jalili, Reza Khodarahmi, Study of α-Amylase Inhibitors among Different Bean Cultivars and Evaluation of their Effectiveness Compared with a Commercial Product using In Vitro/In Vivo Experimental Systems, J Res Med Dent Sci, 2018, 6 (1): 381-391, DOI: 10.5455/jrmds.20186162 Corresponding author: Reza Khodarahmi & Cyrus Jalili e-mail rkhodarahmi@kums.ac.ir; cjalili@yahoo.com Received: 09/10/2017 Accepted: 22/12/2017 INTRODUCTION Among grain legumes in the world, familiar beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) use widely for direct human consumption [1] (Figure 1). There are three common isoforms of alpha-amylase inhibitor (αIA) including αA1, αA12, and αAIL that the first isoform has anti-amylase activity in humans. They are not active against plant α- amylases and have classified as proteins of antifeedant or seed defense [2]. Recently, investigators have focused their attention on common bean proteins with particular functions, such as anti-obesity activities [3]. The kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) has particularly high levels of the inhibitor [4]. The αAIs have known as starch