Journal of Geographic Information System, 2017, 9, 752-762
http://www.scirp.org/journal/jgis
ISSN Online: 2151-1969
ISSN Print: 2151-1950
DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2017.96046 Dec. 28, 2017 752 Journal of Geographic Information System
Determination of Potential Runoff Coefficient
Using GIS and Remote Sensing
Ragab Khalil
1,2
1
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
2
Landscape Architecture Department, Faculty of Environmental Design, King AbdulAziz University (KAU), Jeddah, KSA
Abstract
Flash floods in arid environments are a major hazard feature to human and to
the infrastructure. Shortage of accurate environmental data is main reason for
inaccurate prediction of flash flooding characteristics. The curve number (CN)
is a hydrologic number used to describe the storm water runoff potential for
drainage area. This study introduces an approach to determine runoff coeffi-
cient in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia using remote sensing and GIS. Remote sensing
and geographic information system techniques were used to obtain and pre-
pare input data for hydrologic model. The land cover map was derived using
maximum likelihood classification of a SPOT image. The soil properties (tex-
ture and permeability) were derived using the soil maps published my minis-
try of water and agriculture in Saudi Arabia. These soil parameters were used to
classify the soil map into hydrological soil groups (HSG). Using the derived in-
formation within the hydrological modelling system, the runoff depth was pre-
dicted for an assumed severe storm scenario. The advantages of the proposed
approach are simplicity, less input data, one software used for all steps, and its
ability to be applied for any site. The results show that the runoff depth is di-
rectly proportional to runoff coefficient and the total volume of runoff is more
than 136 million cubic meters for a rainfall of 103.6 mm.
Keywords
Potential Runoff Coefficient (PRC), GIS, Remote Sensing,
Hydrological Soil Group (HSG), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Land Use
1. Introduction
In arid zones, there is a shortage of data needed for hydrological processes as
mentioned by [1]. In these zones flash flooding happened suddenly and affects
How to cite this paper: Khalil, R. (2017)
Determination of Potential Runoff Coeffi-
cient Using GIS and Remote Sensing. Journal
of Geographic Information System, 9, 752-762.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2017.96046
Received: December 4, 2017
Accepted: December 25, 2017
Published: December 28, 2017
Copyright © 2017 by author and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access