177 © Te Author(s) 2018 M. La Torre, M. Calderini (eds.), Social Impact Investing Beyond the SIB, Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78322-2_7 7 Beneft-Cost Evaluation of Prevention and Early Intervention Measures for Children and Youth in Sweden Lars Hultkrantz 1 Introduction In a series of studies, Heckman and collaborators (e.g., Heckman 2006; Cunha and Heckman 2010) have observed that there is a high social rate of return on investments in young people. Heckman’s work brought attention to how it is possible to estimate the economic yield to eforts invested in children, such as early interventions. Remarkably, while a substantial efort has been put in for decades in the United States and to some extent in the United Kingdom (Edovald et al. 2013) into such anal- ysis, there is not much corresponding work in continental Europe. For instance, a recent “Frankfurt declaration” issued by the German Congress on Crime Prevention (2016) observes that this country ofers next to nothing in terms of cost-efectiveness and beneft-cost analysis (BCA) for assessing such interventions. Here, I report on an on-going efort by sev- eral researchers to create a BCA model with Swedish data for evaluation L. Hultkrantz (*) Örebro University School of Business, Örebro, Sweden e-mail: Lars.Hultkrantz@oru.se