111 DOI: 10.1201/9781003201076-7 Utilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Material as a Part of Bituminous Mixtures Ramya Sri Mullapudi , 1 Gottumukkala Bharath, 2 and Narala Gangadhara Reddy 3 1 Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, India 2 Scientist, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute Delhi, New Delhi, India 3 Civil Engineering Department, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, India CONTENTS 7.1 Introduction – Importance of RAP Usage in Pavements..........................112 7.2 Utilization of RAP in Different Countries ...............................................113 7.3 Methods of Recycling ............................................................................... 114 7.3.1 Hot In-Place Recycling ................................................................. 114 7.3.2 Hot In-Plant Recycling ................................................................. 114 7.3.3 Cold In-Place Recycling ............................................................... 114 7.3.4 Full-Depth Reclamation ...............................................................115 7.4 Mix Design Guidelines for RAP Mixes ...................................................115 7.5 Challenges Faced When Using RAP Material in Bituminous Mixes ...... 117 7.5.1 Aggregate Characteristics............................................................. 117 7.5.2 Virgin and RAP Binder Blending Characteristics ....................... 117 7.5.3 Properties of the RAP Binder ....................................................... 118 7.6 Performance Characteristics of RAP Mixes ............................................ 118 7.6.1 Rutting of RAP Mixes .................................................................. 118 7.6.2 Fatigue Cracking Characteristics of RAP Mixes ......................... 118 7.7 Use of Warm Mix Additives (WMAs) for the Preparation of RAP Mixes .......................................................................................... 120 7.8 Preparation of High Modulus Mixes Using RAP Material ..................... 121 7.9 Relation between Chemical Makeup and Mechanical Properties of RAP Mixes .......................................................................................... 121 7.10 Discussion on RAP Material and Measures Being Followed to Reduce Variability ................................................................................... 122 7